biochemistry and cellular respiration

Question 1

Vmax is a property of each enzyme at a specific ___________

Answer 1

enzyme concentration

Question 2

At what Km does an enzyme have an high affinity for its substrate?

Answer 2

Low

Question 3

What kind of curve displays cooperativity

Answer 3

sigmodial

Question 4

What does Km mean?

Answer 4

it is the substrate concentration at which the velocity is 1/2 the Vmax

Question 5

How do you know that an ligand is a competitive inhibitor?

Answer 5

Vmax is not affected. Km is increased.

Question 6

How do you know that an ligand is a noncompetitive inhibitor?

Answer 6

Vmax decreases. Km is not affected.

Question 7

What site do noncompetitive inhibitors bind at?

Answer 7

allosteric site

Question 8

What is the equation for glycolysis?

Answer 8

C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 2ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+ –> 2C3H4O3 (Pyruvate) + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H20

Question 9

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

Does glycolysis require Oxygen?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What is the committed step of glycolysis?

Answer 11

PFK

Question 12

What intermediate of glycolysis can be sent to other pathways?

Answer 12

G6P

Question 13

What intermediate of glycolysis can only react in glycolysis?

Answer 13

F1,6BP

Question 14

What steps are irreversible in enzymatic pathways?

Answer 14

Very favorable ones. They have large negative Delta G. They are also subject to allosteric regulation

Question 15

What is PDC

Answer 15

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex

Question 16

Does PDC require Oxygen

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

PDC’s net equation

Answer 17

2pyruvate+2NAD+2coA –> 2acetyl coA+2NADH+2CO2

Question 18

what does a Dehydrogenase do?

Answer 18

it removes a hydrogen

Question 19

what type of reaction does a dehydrogenase do?

Answer 19

oxidation

Question 20

what type of agent is a dehydrogenase?

Answer 20

reducing agent

Question 21

1 glucose from glycolysis results in how many pyruvates?

Answer 21

2 pyruvates

Question 22

How many NADH or FADH2 does PDC produce per a pyruvate?

Answer 22

1 NADH / pyruvate

Question 23

PDC uses which Vitamin ?

Answer 23

Vitamin B1 aka thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Question 24

What is the role of Vitamin B1 in PDC?

Answer 24

It is located in the active site

Question 25

Vitamins are what?

Answer 25

prosthetic groups

Question 26

what is a prosthetic group?

Answer 26

nonprotein molecule bonded to an enzyme’s active site (ex: Vitamins)

Question 27

what is a cofactor?

Answer 27

organic/inorganic substrate necessary for enzyme function but does NOT interact with enzyme (ex: NAD+)

Question 28

During anaerboic respiration what is the e- acceptor for NADH?

Answer 28

pyruvate

Question 29

What is the net result of glycolysis in terms of ATP and NADH?

Answer 29

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 30

What is the net result of PDC in terms of ATP and NADH

Answer 30

2 NADH

Question 31

WHat is the net result of TCA in terms of ATP, NADH, FADH2?

Answer 31

2 GTP, 2 FADH2, 6 NADH

Question 32

where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 32

cytoplasm

Question 33

where does PDC occur?

Answer 33

mitochondrial matrix

Question 34

Where does TCA occur?

Answer 34

mitochondrial matrix

Question 35

Where is the ETC & ATP synthase located?

Answer 35

in the Inner membrane

Question 36

H+ is pumped from where to where as a result of the ETC?

Answer 36

H+ is pumped from the matrix into the IM space (across the IM)

Question 37

FADH2 and NADH (glycolysis) give their e- to?

Answer 37

Ubiquinone

Question 38

The purpose of the glycerol phosphate shuttle is?

Answer 38

to shuttle NADH from the cytoplasm to the matrix (this information needs to be checked)

Question 39

During aerboic respiration what is the e- acceptor for NADH?

Answer 39

O2