biochemistry and cellular respiration Flashcards
Vmax is a property of each enzyme at a specific ___________
enzyme concentration
At what Km does an enzyme have an high affinity for its substrate?
Low
What kind of curve displays cooperativity
sigmodial
What does Km mean?
it is the substrate concentration at which the velocity is 1/2 the Vmax
How do you know that an ligand is a competitive inhibitor?
Vmax is not affected. Km is increased.
How do you know that an ligand is a noncompetitive inhibitor?
Vmax decreases. Km is not affected.
What site do noncompetitive inhibitors bind at?
allosteric site
What is the equation for glycolysis?
C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 2ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+ –> 2C3H4O3 (Pyruvate) + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H20
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
cytoplasm
Does glycolysis require Oxygen?
No
What is the committed step of glycolysis?
PFK
What intermediate of glycolysis can be sent to other pathways?
G6P
What intermediate of glycolysis can only react in glycolysis?
F1,6BP
What steps are irreversible in enzymatic pathways?
Very favorable ones. They have large negative Delta G. They are also subject to allosteric regulation
What is PDC
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
Does PDC require Oxygen
Yes
PDC’s net equation
2pyruvate+2NAD+2coA –> 2acetyl coA+2NADH+2CO2
what does a Dehydrogenase do?
it removes a hydrogen
what type of reaction does a dehydrogenase do?
oxidation
what type of agent is a dehydrogenase?
reducing agent
1 glucose from glycolysis results in how many pyruvates?
2 pyruvates
How many NADH or FADH2 does PDC produce per a pyruvate?
1 NADH / pyruvate
PDC uses which Vitamin ?
Vitamin B1 aka thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
What is the role of Vitamin B1 in PDC?
It is located in the active site
Vitamins are what?
prosthetic groups
what is a prosthetic group?
nonprotein molecule bonded to an enzyme’s active site (ex: Vitamins)
what is a cofactor?
organic/inorganic substrate necessary for enzyme function but does NOT interact with enzyme (ex: NAD+)
During anaerboic respiration what is the e- acceptor for NADH?
pyruvate
What is the net result of glycolysis in terms of ATP and NADH?
2 ATP and 2 NADH
What is the net result of PDC in terms of ATP and NADH
2 NADH
WHat is the net result of TCA in terms of ATP, NADH, FADH2?
2 GTP, 2 FADH2, 6 NADH
where does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
where does PDC occur?
mitochondrial matrix
Where does TCA occur?
mitochondrial matrix
Where is the ETC & ATP synthase located?
in the Inner membrane
H+ is pumped from where to where as a result of the ETC?
H+ is pumped from the matrix into the IM space (across the IM)
FADH2 and NADH (glycolysis) give their e- to?
Ubiquinone
The purpose of the glycerol phosphate shuttle is?
to shuttle NADH from the cytoplasm to the matrix (this information needs to be checked)
During aerboic respiration what is the e- acceptor for NADH?
O2
