Biochemistry Flashcards
what requires ATP in an RBC
Na+/K+ transporter
why do RBCs undergo anaerobic glycolysis
no mitochondria
2 products of anaerobic glycolysis
glucose and NADH
importance of NADH
keeps iron in Fe2+ state
what reaction produces glucose and NADPH
hexose monophosphate shunt
importance of NADPH
reducing agent for glutathione
what is glutathione made up of
glutamate
cysteine
glycine
importance of glutathione
antioxidant properties - protects cells from damage from reactive oxygen species
examples of reactive oxygen species
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) - main one super oxide
what are the 3 forms in which CO2 is carries in the blood
as bicarbonate ion (HCO3) - majority
bound to Hb
dissolved in solution
action of carbonic anhydrase
found in RBCs
converts CO2 to HCO3 (in tissues)
converts HCO3 to CO2 (at lungs to be blown off)
how much oxygen binds to Hb
4 globin groups binding to one molecule each (4O2)
1g Hb binds 1.34ml O2
structure of haem group
Fe2+ surrounded by porphyrin ring
what is required for Hb synthesis
4 globin chains
porphyrin ring
Fe2+
what type of Hb has the highest affinity for O2
foetal Hb
