Biochemistry

Question 1

Normal blood pH

Answer 1

7.35-7.45

Question 2

Role of lungs in bicarbonate buffer system

Answer 2

Remove CO2; equation shifts to the left

Question 3

Role of kidneys in bicarbonate buffer system

Answer 3

Reabsorption of HCO3- from urine, removal of H+ through urine

Question 4

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 4

Occurs when HCO3- is low; caused by diarrhea and kidney failure

Question 5

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 5

Occurs when CO2 is high; caused by COPD, asthma and pulmonary fibrosis

Question 6

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 6

Occurs when HCO3- is high; caused by vomiting and diuretic use

Question 7

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer 7

Occurs when CO2 is low; caused by hyperventilation

Question 8

5-Fluorouracil

Answer 8

Antitumor agent that inhibits human DNA synthesis bc of lack of 3’ OH

Question 9

AZT

Answer 9

Antiretroviral (HIV) drug that inhibits reverse transcriptase bc of lack of 3’ OH

Question 10

Acyclovir / Valacyclovir

Answer 10

Inhibits herpes DNA polymerase bc of lack of 3’ OH.

Question 11

Remedesivir

Answer 11

Inhibits RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase in COVID-19

Question 12

Non-polar, hydrophobic AAs

Answer 12

Val, Ile, Leu, Met, Ala, Gly, Pro

Question 13

Aromatic AAs

Answer 13

Phe, Tyr, Trp

Question 14

Polar, uncharged AAs

Answer 14

Ser, Thr, Cys, Asn, Gln

Question 15

Polar, charged AAs

Answer 15

Basic (+) = Lys, His, Arg

Acidic (-) = Asp, Glu

Question 16

A

Answer 16

Alanine (Ala)

Question 17

R

Answer 17

Arginine (Arg)

Question 18

D

Answer 18

Aspartic acid (Asp)

Question 19

N

Answer 19

Asparagine (Asn)

Question 20

C

Answer 20

Cysteine (Cys)

Question 21

E

Answer 21

Glutamic acid (Glu)

Question 22

Q

Answer 22

Glutamine (Gln)

Question 23

G

Answer 23

Glycine (Gly)

Question 24

H

Answer 24

Histidine (His)

Question 25

I

Answer 25

Isoleucine (Ile)

Question 26

L

Answer 26

Leucine (L)

Question 27

K

Answer 27

Lysine (Lys)

Question 28

M

Answer 28

Methionine (Met)

Question 29

F

Answer 29

Phenylalanine (Phe)

Question 30

P

Answer 30

Proline (Pro)

Question 31

S

Answer 31

Serine (Ser)

Question 32

T

Answer 32

Threonine (Thr)

Question 33

W

Answer 33

Tryptophan (Trp)

Question 34

Y

Answer 34

Tyrosine (Tyr)

Question 35

V

Answer 35

Valine (Val)