Biochemistry

Question 1

A polymer made up of many amino acids joined together

Answer 1

A polypeptide

Question 2

A fatty acidd which has no double bonds between carbon atoms is called

Answer 2

Saturated fatty acid

Question 3

Soap is one type of _______, which are substances that help break large fat droplets into small fat droplets to help them mix with water.

Answer 3

Emulsifier

Question 4

A nucleic acid which is single stranded

Answer 4

RNA

Question 5

This process breaks bonds between subunits in organic polymers

Answer 5

hydrolysis

Question 6

the carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of plants

Answer 6

cellulose

Question 7

Another name for fat

Answer 7

Lipid

Question 8

The storage form of carbohydrate in plants

Answer 8

starch

Question 9

Acidity is created by an excess of _______ ions in a solution.

Answer 9

hydrogen

Question 10

heavy _____ can alter the three dimensional shape of a protein.

Answer 10

metals (Ag, Hg and Pb)

Question 11

A nucleotide is made up of a _____, a pentose, and a nitrogenous base.

Answer 11

phosphate

Question 12

A ph above 7.0 is considered_____.

Answer 12

Basic

Question 13

This element, common in living organisms, can form up to four bonds with other substances.

Answer 13

Carbon

Question 14

Forms when two glucose molecules are joined together

Answer 14

Maltose (disaccharide)

Question 15

______ are lipids which contain four rings in their chemical structure

Answer 15

Steroids

Question 16

A nucleic acid with a double helix shape

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

______ bonds are strong

Answer 17

Covalent

Question 18

A six carbon sugar is called

Answer 18

a hexose

Question 19

the subunit which makes up nucleic acids

Answer 19

nucleotide ( made up of a sugar molecule, either RNA or DNA, attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base)

Question 20

a five carbon sugar is called

Answer 20

a pentose

Question 21

Level of protein structure that can be either an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet

Answer 21

secondary structure

Question 22

A ph below 7 is considered

Answer 22

acidic

Question 23

a carb made up of many subunits

Answer 23

a polysaccharide

Question 24

A fatty acid which contains at least one double bond between carbon atoms is called ______.

Answer 24

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 25

This level of protein structure is the sequence of amino acids that make up the protein

Answer 25

primary structure

Question 26

how many different kinds of amino acids exist?

Answer 26

twenty

Question 27

Carbs help provide us with

Answer 27

energy

Question 28

a special kind of nucleotide which is used to transmit energy within living organisms

Answer 28

ATP

Question 29

Compounds which are primarily made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are called ______.

Answer 29

Organic compounds

Question 30

a ph of 7 is considered

Answer 30

neutral

Question 31

a protein's three dimensional shape is extremely important in order for it to ___ properly.

Answer 31

function

Question 32

______ are a type of lipid that make up a significant portion of the cell membrane.

Answer 32

phospholipids

Question 33

water is a good solvent bcs its molecules are______, having a slight positive and negative charge

Answer 33

polar

Question 34

a disaccharide formed when a glucose and fructose come together

Answer 34

sucrose

Question 35

a carb made up of only one subunit

Answer 35

monosaccharide

Question 36

process which creates bonds between subunits in organic polymers

Answer 36

dehydration synthesis

Question 37

excessive ______ can cause a protein to lose its three dimensional shape

Answer 37

heat

Question 38

the term for a protein losing its three dimensional shape is called

Answer 38

denaturation

Question 39

the subunit that makes up polypeptides

Answer 39

amino acids

Question 40

the 2:1 ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is a characteristic of a

Answer 40

carbohydrate molecule

Question 41

a neutral fat that contained glycerol and only ONE fatty acid chain would be called a ______glyceride.

Answer 41

mono

Question 42

a substance which helps hold the ph of a solution relatively constant is called a

Answer 42

Buffer

Question 43

A carb made up of two subunits

Answer 43

disaccharide

Question 44

the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

Answer 44

pH

Question 45

hydrogen bonds are known to be _____.

Answer 45

weak

Question 46

level of protein structure when two or more proteins join each other to form a larger protein structure

Answer 46

Quaternary

Question 47

a molecule made up of two amino acids joined together

Answer 47

dipeptide

Question 48

this level of protein structure occurs when the protein begins to fold upon itself creating 3D shape

Answer 48

tertiary

Question 49

the storage form of carb storage in animals

Answer 49

glycogen

Question 50

NCC is the sequence of three atoms which is the characteristic of what?

Answer 50

An amino acid

Question 51

what is a polymer?

Answer 51

large molecules (macromolecules) that are multiple of simpler chemical units. Making big molecules from smaller ones

Question 52

what is a peptide?

Answer 52

strings of amino acids ( building blocks of proteins) linked by peptide bonds

Question 53

What is an emulsifier?

Answer 53

a substance that stabilizes an emulsion, used to stabilize processed foods. Breaks down fat

Question 54

The type of carbohydrate used in our cells

Answer 54

Glucose

Question 55

What is an emulsion?

Answer 55

An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (unmixable or unblendable) owing to liquid-liquid phase separation.

Question 56

Proteins are made of _______

Answer 56

Amino acids

Question 57

What is polymerization

Answer 57

The process to create polymers

Question 58

Proteins are made out how many amino acids?

Answer 58

50-75

Question 59

Most enzymes are in what level of protein structure ?

Answer 59

Tertiary

Question 60

Types of denaturation

Answer 60

Heat, ph, heavy metals

Question 61

What is a nucleotide ?

Answer 61

Nitrogen in a ring, Pentose, phosphate Building base of nucleic acid

Question 62

C12H22O11 is ________.

Answer 62

Maltose