BioChemistry

Question 1

IgM

Answer 1

First AB made in response to an antigen

Question 2

IgG

Answer 2

Most common. 2nd response. Can cross placenta

Question 3

IgA

Answer 3

Present in blood, tears, milk

Question 4

IgD

Answer 4

Present on B Lymphocytes

Question 5

IgE

Answer 5

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Question 6

What is collegen made up of

Answer 6

glycine-X-X (commonly lysine and proline)

Question 7

Where is Type I collagen found in the body

Answer 7

bowmans and sclera and bone

Question 8

Where it type IV found in the body

Answer 8

viterous

Question 9

Competitive enzymes

Answer 9

will increase Km bu Vmax the same

Question 10

non competitive enzymes

Answer 10

not affect on Km but will reduce Vmax

Question 11

Monose

Answer 11

Glucose + glucose

Question 12

Lactose

Answer 12

glucose + galactose

Question 13

Sucrose

Answer 13

glucose + fructose

Question 14

NADPH

Answer 14

makes FA, lipids, steroids

Question 15

NADH/FADH

Answer 15

makes ATP

Question 16

What can Acetyl-CoA make

Answer 16

ATP, ketone bodies, malanyl-coA, cholesterol

Question 17

What is used for gluconeogensis

Answer 17

LAG. Lactic, amino acids, glycine

Question 18

Pentose shunt

Answer 18

Makes NADPH

Question 19

Gluconeogensis

Answer 19

Make new glucose when starving. glucagon.

Question 20

glycogenesis

Answer 20

store glucose. insulin

Question 21

Glycogenelysis

Answer 21

break down glucose storage. Glucagon.

Question 22

What is cholesterol precursor for

Answer 22

mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

Question 23

Ketone bodies

Answer 23

acetyl acetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetone

Question 24

Omega 3

Answer 24

Anti-inflammatory. ALA = EPA + DHA. Alpha linolenic acid, eicospentenoic acid, docosohexaenoic acid.

Question 25

Omega 6

Answer 25

pro-inflammatory. aracnidi acid

Question 26

Fat Soluble vitamins

Answer 26

DEAK

Question 27

Anti-oxidants

Answer 27

ACE + zinc

Question 28

Vitamin B1

Answer 28

Thiamine. Decreased with alcoholism.

Question 29

Vitamine B12

Answer 29

Cobalamin. Pernicious anemia destroys parietal cells and causes a deficiency. Also associated with alcoholism.

Question 30

Vitamine C

Answer 30

Ascorbic acid. Scurvy. Helps conective tissue

Question 31

Folic acid

Answer 31

Folate. Most common deficiency in US. Helps purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.

Question 32

Vit D

Answer 32

Calciferol. Dangerous! Too low and get ricketts and osteomalacia. Excess with sarcoidosis. Most toxic of the vitamins

Question 33

Vitamine E

Answer 33

Tocopherol. Easy. The least toxic.

Question 34

Vitamin A

Answer 34

Retinol. Awful. Deficiency causes night blindness and bitots spot if low. Used to make rhodopsin.

Question 35

Vitamin K

Answer 35

Used for clotting.

Question 36

Copper

Answer 36

Get deposits with wilsons dz and kaiser fletcher ring. Also get sunflower cataracts. Wilson also called hepatolenticular degeneration.

Question 37

zinc

Answer 37

Used to DNA synthesis

Question 38

pyrimide dimers

Answer 38

made by two thymines on same strand. Caused by UV B.

Question 39

DNA has ___ with RNA has ___

Answer 39

T and U

Question 40

How to remember what each blot does

Answer 40

``` Sunny Day (south = DNA) No Rain (north = RNA) Why not Picnic (west=prot) ```

Question 41

Diseases that lead to early cataracs

Answer 41

MAD wilson. Myotonic dystrophy, atopic dermatitis, diabetes.

Question 42

The calories in proteins, carbs, and lipids

Answer 42

4,4,9