Biochem Exam 2: Lipids

Question 1

C18 fatty acid with no double bonds is known as?

Answer 1

Octadecan-oic acid

Question 2

C18 fatty acid with one double bond?

Answer 2

Octadec-enoic acid

Question 3

C18 fatty acid with two double bonds?

Answer 3

Octadeca-dienoic acid

Linoleic acid

Question 4

C18 fatty acid with three double bonds?

Answer 4

Octadeca-trienoic acid

Linolenic acid

Question 5

18:0 represents C18 in what way?

Answer 5

C18 with no double bonds

Question 6

18:2 C18 represent?

Answer 6

C18 fatty acid with 2 double bonds

Question 7

What is the common name of C18 with no double bonds?

Answer 7

Stearate

Question 8

What is the common name for C 18 with one double bond?

Answer 8

Oleate

Question 9

What is the common name of C18 with 2 double bonds?

Answer 9

Linoleate

Question 10

What is the common name of C18 with three double bonds?

Answer 10

Linolenate

Question 11

What are the three essential fatty acids?

Answer 11

Linoleate, Linolenate, Arachidonate

Question 12

How many fatty acids does a chain typically contain?

Answer 12

14-24

Question 13

What is the most common number of fatty acids?

Answer 13

16-18

Question 14

Human desaturated cannot introduces unsaturated fatty acids beyond ________

Answer 14

C9

Question 15

Linoleic acid can be used to create what essential fatty acid?

Answer 15

Arachidonic acid

Question 16

What is Linolenic acids use tot make?

Answer 16

Eicosapentanoic acids & docosahexanoic acid

Question 17

What are the MAJOR MEMBRANE LIPIDS?

Answer 17

Phospholipids
Glycolipids
Cholesterol

Question 18

Phospholipids have what 4 components?

Answer 18

Fatty acid
Glycerol
Phosphate
Alcohol

Question 19

Phosphatidylserine

Answer 19

Inner leaflet of plasma membrane

Question 20

Phosphatidylcholine

Answer 20

Constituent of outer leaflet of plasma membrane, acts as pulmonary surfactant

Question 21

Phosphatidylethanolamine

Answer 21

White matter of brain

Question 22

Phosphatidylinositol

Answer 22

Inner leaflet; signaling molecule

Question 23

Diphosphatidylclycerol

Answer 23

Inner mitochondrial membrane (cardiolipin)

Question 24

During apoptosis, what is displayed on the outer leaflet?

Answer 24

Phosphatidylserine

Question 25

Sphingosine is linked to a fatty acid by an __________bond

Answer 25

Amide

Question 26

Myelin sheath are made of this type of lipid

Answer 26

Sphingolipid

Question 27

A deficiency in activity of ____________________ causes Niemann-Pick Disease

Answer 27

Acid Sphingomyelinase (A-SMase)

Question 28

This is a lysosomal enzyme which breaks down sphingomyelin

Answer 28

A-SMase

Question 29

Where does sphingomyelinase accumulate in Niemann-Pick Disease?

Answer 29

Liver, spleen, CNS

Question 30

What are the signs and symptoms of Niemann-Pick Disease

Answer 30

Enlargement liver & spleen with neurological damage

Question 31

Where is the simplest glycolipids found?

Answer 31

Cerebrospinal

Question 32

Where are complex glycolipids found?

Answer 32

Gangliosides | (Many branched chains of sugar residues)

Question 33

Cholesterol has a hydrocarbon chain attached to _____

Answer 33

C17

Question 34

Cholesterol has a hydroxal group attached to ______

Answer 34

C3

Question 35

Name the fours characteristics of cholesterol

Answer 35

Steroid nucleus 4 fused rings Hydrocarbon chain Hydroxal group