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Biochemistry > Biochem Exam 2: Lipids > Flashcards

Biochem Exam 2: Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

C18 fatty acid with no double bonds is known as?

A

Octadecan-oic acid

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2
Q

C18 fatty acid with one double bond?

A

Octadec-enoic acid

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3
Q

C18 fatty acid with two double bonds?

A

Octadeca-dienoic acid

Linoleic acid

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4
Q

C18 fatty acid with three double bonds?

A

Octadeca-trienoic acid

Linolenic acid

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5
Q

18:0 represents C18 in what way?

A

C18 with no double bonds

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6
Q

18:2 C18 represent?

A

C18 fatty acid with 2 double bonds

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7
Q

What is the common name of C18 with no double bonds?

A

Stearate

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8
Q

What is the common name for C 18 with one double bond?

A

Oleate

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9
Q

What is the common name of C18 with 2 double bonds?

A

Linoleate

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10
Q

What is the common name of C18 with three double bonds?

A

Linolenate

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11
Q

What are the three essential fatty acids?

A

Linoleate, Linolenate, Arachidonate

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12
Q

How many fatty acids does a chain typically contain?

A

14-24

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13
Q

What is the most common number of fatty acids?

A

16-18

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14
Q

Human desaturated cannot introduces unsaturated fatty acids beyond ________

A

C9

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15
Q

Linoleic acid can be used to create what essential fatty acid?

A

Arachidonic acid

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16
Q

What is Linolenic acids use tot make?

A

Eicosapentanoic acids & docosahexanoic acid

17
Q

What are the MAJOR MEMBRANE LIPIDS?

A

Phospholipids
Glycolipids
Cholesterol

18
Q

Phospholipids have what 4 components?

A

Fatty acid
Glycerol
Phosphate
Alcohol

19
Q

Phosphatidylserine

A

Inner leaflet of plasma membrane

20
Q

Phosphatidylcholine

A

Constituent of outer leaflet of plasma membrane, acts as pulmonary surfactant

21
Q

Phosphatidylethanolamine

A

White matter of brain

22
Q

Phosphatidylinositol

A

Inner leaflet; signaling molecule

23
Q

Diphosphatidylclycerol

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane (cardiolipin)

24
Q

During apoptosis, what is displayed on the outer leaflet?

A

Phosphatidylserine

25
Q

Sphingosine is linked to a fatty acid by an __________bond

A

Amide

26
Q

Myelin sheath are made of this type of lipid

A

Sphingolipid

27
Q

A deficiency in activity of ____________________ causes Niemann-Pick Disease

A

Acid Sphingomyelinase (A-SMase)

28
Q

This is a lysosomal enzyme which breaks down sphingomyelin

A

A-SMase

29
Q

Where does sphingomyelinase accumulate in Niemann-Pick Disease?

A

Liver, spleen, CNS

30
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Niemann-Pick Disease

A

Enlargement liver & spleen with neurological damage

31
Q

Where is the simplest glycolipids found?

A

Cerebrospinal

32
Q

Where are complex glycolipids found?

A

Gangliosides

(Many branched chains of sugar residues)

33
Q

Cholesterol has a hydrocarbon chain attached to _____

A

C17

34
Q

Cholesterol has a hydroxal group attached to ______

A

C3

35
Q

Name the fours characteristics of cholesterol

A

Steroid nucleus
4 fused rings
Hydrocarbon chain
Hydroxal group

Biochemistry (9 decks)

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