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Biochem 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which one of these enzymes stimulated by Angiotensin II ?
a) 11-beta hydroxylase b) 21-beta hydroxylase c) Aldesterone synthase. d) Cholesterol desmolase e) 17-alpha hydroxylase

A

Aldesterone synthase

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2
Q

Which enzyme is not found in zona glomerulosa?
a) 20,22 desmolase b) 3-beta OH steroid dehydrogenase c) 21-hydroxylase d) 11-hydroxylase e) 17-alpha hydroxylase.

A

e) 17-alpha hydroxylase.

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3
Q

Which of the hormone is not aminoacid derived? a) Thyrotrophin releasing hormone
b) Parathyroid hormone c) Epinephrine d) Adenocorticotropic hormone e) Aldesterone.

A

Aldesterone

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4
Q

Which enzyme of the Vitamin D synthesis stimulated by Parathormone?
a) 1-alpha hydroxylase. b) 24 hydroxylase c) 25 hydroxylase d) Deiodinase e) 17 hydroxylase

A

1-alpha hydroxylase.

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5
Q

Which of the following is false for TSH?
a) Increases thyroxine secretion from the thyroid gland b) Increases the degradation of thyroglobulin protease enzyme. c) Increases the activity of the iodide pump d) Increases the number of thyroid cells e) Increases iodization of tyrosine

A

Increases the degradation of thyroglobulin protease enzyme.

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6
Q

Which enzyme does insulin inhibit?
a) Phosphofructokinase b) Glucokinase c) Hexokinase d) Pyruvate kinase e) Glyco-6-phosphatase.

A

Glyco-6-phosphatase.

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7
Q

Which of the hormones that play a role in carbohydrate metabolism has a different effect on
glucose level?
a) Gh b) Glucagon c) Insulin. d) Epinephrine e) Glucocorticoids

A

c) Insulin.

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8
Q
  1. A 43-year-old man comes to the emergency room with a headache and blurred vision. He
    complains that his wedding ring no longer fits him, and that his favorite hat no longer fits on
    his head. His wife feels that his nose has become wider, and he is diagnosed acromegaly.
    Which of the following metabolic effects would you expect in this patient?
    a) Decreased protein synthesis b) Inhibition of gluconeogenesis c) Inhibition of lipolysis d) Increased protein synthesis. e) Gigantism
A

Increased protein synthesis.

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9
Q

A13-year-old boy has developed polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, and weight loss over the
past few weeks. He was brought to the emer- gency room by his parents because he woke up
this morning very lethargic. His blood glucose was found to be 600mg/dL, and he was
immediately placed on an insulin drip. Insulin works primarily by which one of the following
mechanisms?
a) Activating adenylate cyclase b) Binding to an intracellular receptor c) Activating caspases d) Producing cGMP e) Causing phosphorylation of tyrosine residues .

A

e) Causing phosphorylation of tyrosine residues .

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10
Q
  1. What metabolic state is caused by the overproduction of ketone bodies during starvation in
    diabetes?
    a) Ketoacidosis. b) Hurler syndrome c) Gaucher disease d) Homocystinuria
A
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11
Q
  1. Which one is not a primary function of white fat tissue?
    a) Energy storage b) Insulation c) Cushioning d) Producing heat.
A

Producing heat.

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12
Q

Addison disease, a primary insufficiency of the adrenal cortex:?
a) is caused by autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex b) results in decreased glucocorticoid, androgen, and aldosterone c) causes increased ACTH level d) causes hyperpigmentation e) All of the above.

A

e) All of the above.

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13
Q

Which of the followings are the members of the glycoprotein hormone family?
a) FSH b) LH c) TSH d) hCG e) GH.

A

GH

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14
Q

Which of the followings hormones are not included in the non-tropic hormones?
a) Glucocorticoids b) Norepinephrine c) Oxytocin. d) Testosterone e) Vasopressin

A

Oxytocin

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15
Q
  1. In diabetic patient, their breaths smell like a specific odor which is a hallmark for them?
    Which of the following are the reason for their smelly breaths?
    a) Acetone. b) Methyethyl ketone c) Cyclohexanone d) Butylacetone e) Diethyl ketone
A

Acetone

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16
Q

Which of the following is incorrect regarding steroid hormone?
Made in mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Lipophobic

A

Lipophobic (it’s actually hydrophobic)

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17
Q

Steroid hormone precursors are converted to active hormones and diffuse out of the parent cell by which of the following pathways?

a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion pathways?
c. ion channels d. carrier protein e. Na-k ion channels

A

a. simple diffusion

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following is true regarding lipophilic characteristic of the steroid hormone?
A

Lipophilic characteristic of the steroid hormone means that of the steroid hormone?
steroid hormone diffuse easily when it stored in the vesicle on the other hand it is not soluble in plasma and other body fluid.

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19
Q
  1. Which of the following is correct regarding the sequence of Mineralocorticoid potency?
A

Aldosterone – 11 deoxycorticosterone – 18 oxocortisol – corticosterone – cortisol.

20
Q

Thyroxine is produced by which chemical reaction?

A

Proteolysis

21
Q

catecholamines highly concentrated in which of the following structures?

A

Secretory granules

22
Q
  1. which of the following is responsible for producing intracellular second messenger by mediating a variety of physiological responses to acute stress?
A

Catecholamines

23
Q

cohn’s disease distinguished from other causes of hyperaldesteronism by which of the following?

A

High plasma aldosterone - Low plasma renin activity.

24
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding Addison disease?

A

Primary adrenal insufficiency – deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone.

25
Q
  1. Which of the following is correct regarding adrenal insufficiency?
A

In secondary and tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the adrenal glands insufficiency?
are able to make aldosterone

26
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding cushing syndrome?

A

Excess production of corticotropin and CRH

27
Q

Which of the following is incorrect?

A

Thyroxine is an example of tropical hormones

28
Q

Which of the following is true regarding T3?

A

protein catabolism and negative nitrogen balance

29
Q

which of the following diseases we observe high LH?

A

Hypogonadism

30
Q

Which of the following parts of the adrenal gland stimulate stress hormones?

A

Adrenal medulla

31
Q

Which of the following considered as the inner zone of the adrenal gland?

A

Zona reticularis

32
Q

Which of the following considered as the middle zone of the adrenal gland?

A

Zona fasciculata

33
Q

Which of the following considered as the outermost zone of the adrenal gland?

A

Zona glomerularis

34
Q

Which of the following is wrong regarding fight or flight response?

A

Fight or flight response is the highest in 20s and lowest in 60s

35
Q

Which of the following is correct regarding the peptides?

A

Most peptide hormones are not bound To carrier proteins in the circulation. Thus, they are subject to rapid degradation by serum Proteases.

36
Q

Which of the following hormones synthesized in final form and stored in producing cells?

A

Catecholamines

37
Q

which of the following processed and secreted upon a physiological cue ( plasma glucose concentration)

A

Insulin

38
Q

Why golgi apparatus is highly abundant secretory vesicles?

A

Store the synthesized hormones prior to their secretion in response to appropriate stimuli.

39
Q

Which of the following is true regarding adiponectin?

A

Depletion of fat reserves and stimulate feeding.

40
Q

23.which of the following hormones can be recognized as a stimulus for growth hormone?

A

Ghrelin

41
Q

Ghrelin use which of the following to generate second messenger IP3?

A

G – protein coupled receptor , which mediates the hormone action

42
Q

which of the following diseases we can observe exceptionally high blood levels of ghrelin?

A

Prader willi syndrome

43
Q

Which of the following is the hallmark of diabetes type II?

A

Insulin resistant

44
Q

Insulin triggers which of the following In the plasma membrane of the muscle and adipose tissue?

A

GLUT 4 glucose transporters

45
Q

Which of the following is incorrect regarding diabetes mellitus?

A

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells occur in diabetes type 2

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