Bioaccumulation

Question 1

Defiition: tendency for toxicants to accumulate w/in the bodies of exposed organisms

Answer 1

Bioaccumulation

Question 2

Definition: accumul of contaminants from water ONLY

Answer 2

bioconcentration

Question 3

(bioconc factor) BCF = __ / __

Answer 3

BCF=Cf / Cw

Question 4

Definition: toxicants accum’d both from water AND from diet

Answer 4

bioaccumulation

Question 5

T or F: there is a tendency for concentrations in biota to decrease as you go higher in the food chain

Answer 5

False; they INCREASE as you move up food chain

Question 6

The propencity for non-polar organic compounds to bind to org carbon is measured as ___

Answer 6

Koc

Question 7

What are 3 factors that cause variation in Koc?

Answer 7

Humic & fulvic acids, partially degraded biological material, soot carbon

Question 8

Koc is directly proportional to ___

Answer 8

Kow

Question 9

Bioconcentration is modeled by the _____-compartment bucket model. What is the accumulation formula?

Answer 9

Single; amt of water accumulating = k1/k2

Question 10

Bioaccum is modeled by the ____-compartment bucket model. What is the formula?

Answer 10

multi; water accum = k1+k2/k3+k4+k5

Question 11

Single compartment model = Hydrophobicity or Physiological model?

Answer 11

Hydrophobicity

Question 12

Mutli-compartment model = Hydrophobicity or Physiological model?

Answer 12

Physiological

Question 13

The primary basis for both the hydrophobicity and physiological models is that _____ organic chem’s dissolve in and accum in ______

Answer 13

non-polar; lipids

Question 14

Soluble contimates generally DO or DO NOT bioconcentrate?

Answer 14

DO NOT

Question 15

In the hydroph. (bioconc.) model, uptake is limited by _______, and ______ is negligible.

Answer 15

diffusion across gills; metabolsim

Question 16

T or F, the hydroph/bioconc. model works well over a narrow range.

Answer 16

False; only over a broad range

Question 17

Name the 5 main factors that affect both models

Answer 17

1) lipid content
2) biotransform’n/metabolism
3) intra- and inter-species variation & animal size
4) env cnditions (temp, ph, salinity)
5) Bioavailability (only a fraction of contam may be available for take-up)

Question 18

______ fish at _____ temperatures achieved equilibrium faster

Answer 18

smaller; higher

Question 19

Log BCF = (____ * _____) - ___

Answer 19

Log BCF = (0.85 * Log Kow) - 0.7

Question 20

Why does the bioconcentration factor NOT always work?

Answer 20

Metabolization of compounds is not taken into acct

Question 21

What does POP stand for and what does it pertain to (what waters?)?

Answer 21

POP = Persistent Organic Pollutants; Great Lakes

Question 22

The Gobas Food Chain uses what model?

Answer 22

The steady state model; assumption of equil.

Question 23

What are the 3 parts of toxicokinetics?

Answer 23

Uptake, elimination, bioaccum

Question 24

What does BMF stand for?

Answer 24

BioMagnification Factor

Question 25

BMF is the result of ____ uptake that is not _____. Only with high Kow chemicals.

Answer 25

Dietary; eliminated

Question 26

BMF = __/(K2 + Ke + __ + __)…. if you work this equ’n out for each trophic level w/ chemicals of values of Kow, what is your result

Answer 26

BMF = kd/(k2 + ke + km + kg); Food Chain Multipliers (FCM)

Question 27

BAF = ____ * ____

Answer 27

BAF = BCF * FCM