BIO triple Flashcards
what are antibodies made by
lymphocytes
what is the cell produced from fusing lymphocytes with tumour cells called
hybridoma
what are monoclonal antibodies produced from
a single clone of hybridoma cells
lack of nitrate ion
stunted growth- bcz nitrate is needed for protein synthesis
lack of magnesium
chlorosis-magnesium required to make chlorophyl
function of cerebral cortex
language, memory, consciousness
function of cerebellum
balance, coordiantion of movement
function of medulla
breathing and heart rate
short-sightedness
myopia
long sightedness
hyperopia
lenses for hyperopia
convex-focuses light before it enters the eyes
lenses for myopia
concave-unfocuses light before it enters the eye
Phototropism
shoots growing towards light
gravitropism
plant roots grow towards the force of gravity
importance of giberellins
initiate seed germination
importance of ethene
controls cell division and ripening of fruits
uses of auxins
weed killers
rooting powders
promote growth in tissue cultures
uses of giberelins
end seed dormancy-germinate early
encourge plants to flower
larger fruit
uses of ethene
ripening
regulation of body temp when too hot
sweat
vasodialation-blood vesseles dialate more blood flows-energy can transfer out of blood
regulation of body temp when too cold
vasoconstriction-less blood flows through capillaries
shiver-skeletal muscles contract-rate of muscle respiration increases to release energy for shivering this releases heat
deamination
liver breaks down excess amino acids into ammonia
What does ADH stand for
anti diuretic hormone
What does ADH do
excreted by pituitary gland when blood concentration is too high (water volume in blood is too high)
what is kidney dialysis
when levels of water/ions need to be reajusted using a machine as the kidneys fail
what does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
what is DNA made of
It is a polymer of molecules called nucleotides
stage one of protein synthesis
transcription
base sequence of gene is copied in a complimentary template molecule (Message RNA or mRNA)
this then passes from the nucleus into the cytoplasm
stage 2 of protein synthesis
translation
happens in the cytoplasm
mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome
what is the base contained by DNA called
thymine
what is the base contained by mRNA called
uracil
