B13-reporduction Flashcards
what process of division is involved in asexual reproduction
mitosis
what is a cells with 23 chromosomes called
haploid
what is a cell with 46 chromosomes called
diploid
difference between mitosis and meiosis when the cell divides
2 diploid cells- mitosis(identical daughter cells)
4 haploid cells-meiosis
what is the genome
the entire genetic material of an organism
role of gene
small section of DNA on a chromosome. each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids to make a specific protein
homozygote
2 identical alleles
hetrozygote
diffrent alleles for a characteristic
genotype
alleles present or genetic makeup of an individual
phenotype
physical appearance of an individual regarding a particular characteristic
what are alleles
alternative forms of a gene
female sex chromosomes
XX
Male sex chromosomes
XY
what is polydactil caused by
a dominant phenotype caused by a dominant allele which can be inherited from one or both parents
what is cystic fibrosis caused by
a recessive phenotype that is caused by recessive alleles which must be inherited by BOTH parents
Name 2 types of screening for genetic disorders by screening embryos
Chronic villas sampling transcervical method
Chronic villas sampling transabdominal method
Amniocentesis
What period of the pregnancy is amniocentes carried at
15-16 weeks
What is amniocentes
Taking fluid from around the developing fetus which contains fetal cells to be screened
What period of the pregnancy does chronic villus sampling take place
10 12 weeks
How does chronic villas sampling work
Small sample of tissue from the developing placenta provides fetal cells to screen
How is screening carried out
Cells collected
Dna isolated from embryo and tested fro diffrent genetic disorders.
