Bio test 4

Question 1

early amphibious vertebrates evolved from

Answer 1

sarcopterygians

Question 2

3 orders in class:

Answer 2

Anura (frogs), caudata (salamanders) Gymnophiona (caecillians)

Question 3

Frogs and toads
Cloaca – common opening fort the digestive urinary and reproductive tracts
No tail
Protruding eyes ( come out of skull and used for swallowing)

Answer 3

Amphibia- Anura

Question 4

Change in form of an animal after the embryonic stage

Answer 4

Metamorphosis

Question 5

salamanders and Newts
No claws or toes
Smooth skin no scales
Mucus skin
Tail automy
Mostly internal fertilization

Answer 5

Amphibia-Caudata

Question 6

Retention in an adult organism of the juvenile features of its evolutionary ancestors

Answer 6

Paedomorphosis

Question 7

Caecilians

Lack limbs

Eyes are small and covered with skin

Pair of tentacles between eyes and nostrials

Answer 7

Amphibia- Gymnophiona

Question 8

Clade named for key adaptation:

Answer 8

amniotic egg

Question 9

Contains specialized membranes, including the fluid filled amnion that protect the embryo

Answer 9

Amniotes

Question 10

Walk on two legs (bipedal)

Mostly carnivore

Shorten forearms with limited motion

Major Groups- Tyrannosaurs, Allosaurs, velociraptors, Coelophysoids, Birds

Answer 10

Theropod

Question 11

Endothermic

Four Chambered Heart

Feathers

Unique Digestive and respiratory systems

Skeleton Modification (Pneumatic Bones, Furcula(wishbone), large Keeled sternum)

Vocalization

Nesting

Answer 11

birds

Question 12

First Mammals recordedin

Answer 12

triassic

Question 13

Mammals Did not radiate until

Answer 13

after dino went extinct

Question 14

Asteroid diameter 6mi

• Velocity 50,000mph
• Kinetic energy released 300 million nuclear bombs
• 400km dust and debris fallout.

Global winter for 3 years

Answer 14

K-T Boundary Event

Question 15

Factors in the Diversification of Mammals

Answer 15

Evolution of flowering seeds

Separation, and isolation, of continents

Ecological release from dinosaurs

Question 16

Commonly referred to as “warm blooded”

Generated heat from combustion of food

Answer 16

Endothermy

Question 17

Benefits of Endothermy

Answer 17

activity in cold/night, and certain places

Question 18

Disadvantages of Endothermy

Answer 18

Need to eat to resupply energy

Reduce Cost of Endothermic Homeothermy

Question 19

Most diverse group of mamals is

Answer 19

Rodents

Question 20

What kind of fish did amphibians evolve from

Answer 20

Sacropterygians

Question 21

What is one thing that had to happen for tetrapods to move out onto land

Answer 21

Girdles attached limbs to vertebral column

Question 22

What does tetrapod mean

Answer 22

four legs

Question 23

What type of animal would you find in the order caudata

Answer 23

Salamanders

Question 24

What is not a reason that amphibians are becoming rare and endangered

Answer 24

Their bodies are shrinking in size

Question 25

What is ornithology

Answer 25

study of birds

Question 26

What type of animals did birds evolve from

Answer 26

Theropod dinosaur

Question 27

What is one character that alligators and birds share

Answer 27

four chambered hearts

Question 28

What does a bird's gizzard do

Answer 28

It mechanically grinds food with rocks

Question 29

What is unique about bird breathing

Answer 29

Oxygenated air passes through their lungs when inhaling and exhaling