Bio Final Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms
Capable f self-reproduction
Uses energy
Composed of millions of cells
Complex yet organized
Composed of millions of cells
Which of the following list of levels of biological organization are in correct order from smallest to largest?
organism, tissue, cell, molecule, atom
organism, population, community, ecosystem
biosphere, organ, organism, cell
tissue, cell, atom, molecule
organism, population, community, ecosystem
Which of the following statements best describes the logic of the scientific method?
If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis
If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results
If my observations are recorded accurately, they will support my hypothesis.
If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results
Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
Hypotheses and theories mean basically the same thing.
Theories are hypotheses that have been proved.
Hypotheses usually are narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power.
Hypotheses are tentative guesses; theories are correct answers to questions about nature.
Hypotheses usually are narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power
Which of the following is a true statement about Charles Darwin?
He was the first person to think it possible that life evolves or changes
He was the first to realize that living things were made of cells
He formulated the hypothesis that natural selection was the major mechanism of evolution
He described the structure of DN
He formulated the hypothesis that natural selection was the major mechanism of evolution
What could you say to someone who says that evolution is “just a theory”?
Theories are well-tested and never disproven explanations.
You are right; little evidence exists supporting evolution
Theories are proven and will never change.
Theories are well-tested and never disproven explanations.
As a mechanism of evolution, natural selection is most directly related to
intelligence
unequal reproductive success
survival
incredible speed and strength
unequal reproductive success
The genetic makeup of an organism is called its genotype, whereas the physical traits of an organism are called its
chromosome
phenotype
alleles
homozygous
phenotype
Whether an allele is dominant or recessive depends on
whether it is inherited from the mother or the father; the father’s allele is always dominant
whether it or another allele determines the phenotype when both are present
how common the allele is
whether it or another allele determines the phenotype when both are present
A woman who has type B blood and a man who has type O blood could possibly have children of which of the following phenotypes?
O only
B or O
AB
B only
B or O
Which of these lists shows the 3 domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Bacteria, Fungi, Plantae
Animalia, Plantae, Fungi
Protista, Euglenia, Protozoa
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
What do I mean when I say that bacteria are important nitrogen fixers?
Nitrogen is very toxic to plants and bacteria prevents it from entering the leaf.
Nitrogen is a slippery element and bacteria attach fimbrae to it and make it stick to plants.
Bacteria can take free nitrogen from the atmosphere and turn it into forms useable by plants
Most nitrogen is broken because it does not have enough electrons. Bacteria can fix this.
Bacteria can take free nitrogen from the atmosphere and turn it into forms useable by plants
Why are bacteria capable of evolving more quickly than humans?
Because bacteria are less intelligent and therefore need to evolve more
Because bacteria undergo sexual reproduction more often than humans.
Because they are more primitive and have been on Earth longer
Because bacteria have very short generation times compared to humans
Because bacteria have very short generation times compared to humans
Which of these protozoans is a heterotroph that can infect you through dirty drinking water and can cause all kind of gastrointestinal issues including diarrhea?
Trypanosoma
Giardia intestinalis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Dinoflagellates
Giardia intestinalis
Which of these protozoans is an autotroph that can be good and bad? On the good hand they supply us with oxygen, on the bad hand they can cause toxic red tides in the ocean.
Trichomonas vaginalis
Trypanosoma
Dinoflagellates
Giardia intestinalis
Dinoflagellates
Which combination of characters describe mosses and liverworts?
Have colonized land, but lack seeds and vascular tissue
Have colonized land, have seeds, but lack vascular tissuelack vascular tissue
Have not colonized land, but have seeds and vascular tissue
Live on land and have seeds and vascular tissuet
Have colonized land, but lack seeds and vascular tissue
Having vascular tissue is a character that makes certain plants very small
True
False
False
Plants turn what molecule into sugars during the process of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
oxygen
sunlight
water
carbon dioxide
tennis racket looking thing in flower
Style
Which of these terms does NOT go with the kingdom Animalia?
No cell wall
Unicellular
Heterotrophic
Generally symmetrical
Unicellular
Pizza! what kind of symmetry does this pizza have?
radial symmetry
What is a radula?
Scraping mouth part of a mollusk
A small wormlike creature
The reproductive parts of a platyhelminth
The underside of a turtle
Scraping mouth part of a mollusk
Which of these groups are called flatworms?
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Mollusca
Platyhelminthes
Which of these groups has far and away more species than the others?
Jellyfish and coral
Snails and slugs
Insects
Sponge
Insects
Vertebrate animals like salamanders make up a majority of all animal species.
True
False
False
Which of these is the oldest group of vertebrate animals?
lampreys and hagfishes
cavemen
dinosaours
sharks, skates, and rays
lampreys and hagfishes
Which of these characters does NOT apply to the chondrichthyes?
Have jaws
Bony skeleton
Mostly marine
Cartilaginous skeleton
Bony skeleton
What are the fleshy, lobed fins of sarcopterygians an adaption for?
Communication
Precise swimming
Flight
Navigating through shallow weedy waters
Navigating through shallow weedy waters
Fish (Actinopterygii) eggs are fertilized internally, meaning that the sperm fertilizes the egg inside the female’s body.
True
False
False
What kind of fish did amphibians evolve from?
Mudksippers
Actinopterygians
Sacropterygians
Sharks
Sacropterygians
What is one thing that had to happen for tetrapods to move out onto land?
Girdles attached limbs to vertebral column
Skin grows smooth and becomes water tight
Eyes are lost so that animals can burrow
Head shape becomes roundish
Girdles attached limbs to vertebral column
What does tetrapod mean?
square shaped
land-dwelling
two legs
four legs
four legs
What type of animal would you find in the order caudata?
Salamanders
Frogs
Caecilians
Lizards
Salamanders
What is not a reason that amphibians are becoming rare and endangered?
Warming climates and changes in rainfall patterns
Their habitats are dissapearing
Their bodies are shrinking in size
Diseases are killing them
Their bodies are shrinking in size
What is ornithology?
Study of reptiles
Study of mammals
Study of birds
Study of amphibians
Study of birds
What type of animals did birds evolve from?
Sauropod dinosaurs
Theropod dinosaurs
Crocodylians
Pterodactyls
Theropod dinosaurs
What is one character that alligators and birds share?
Large teeth
Feathers
Hairy backs
Four-chambered hearts
Four-chambered hearts
What does a bird’s gizzard do?
It vibrates to create sound
It mechanically grinds food with rocks
It holds excess food
It produces chemicals that digest food
It mechanically grinds food with rocks
What is unique about bird breathing?
They dont use their nostrils to breath like other animals
They use their skin to breath
Oxygenated air passes through their lungs when inhaling and exhaling
They breath carbon dioxide instead of oxygen
Oxygenated air passes through their lungs when inhaling and exhaling
The digestive juices from the liver are delivered to the ________.
stomach
duodenum
liver
colon
duodenum
Where does protein digestion begin?
duodenum
Stomach
Colon
Large intestine
Stomach
Lipases are enzymes that break down ________.
Sugars
Lipids (fats)
Proteins
Carbohydrate
Lipids (fats)
Which process involves the rhythmic contraction of muscles in the esophagus that carries food down to the stomach?
gametogenesis
homeostasis
epistasis
peristalsis
peristalsis
What happens, digestion-wise, in the large intestine?
The large intestine does not take part in digestion
Digestion of carbohydrates
Mainly absorption of water and some vitamins
Digestion of proteins
Mainly absorption of water and some vitamins
What type of cells make up the nervous system?
Neurons
Cephalons
Cardiac
Glions
Neurons
Which nerve carries information from the nose to the brain?
Sciatic
Olfactory
Optic
Systemic
Olfactory
Which functions are controlled by the cerebellum?
Involuntary functions like breathing
Language and personality
Memory
Posture and coordination
Posture and coordination
What is the neurotransmitter GABA involved with?
Learning
Calming
Pleasure
Euphoria
Calming
Which part of the human eyes contains the receptor cells (rods and cones)?
Lens
Retina
Iris
Pupil
Retina
