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Biology > Bio test #2 Grade 10 > Flashcards

Bio test #2 Grade 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

chemical equation of experiment

A

2h2o2 -> 2h20 + 02

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2
Q

What is the enzyme used in this reaction

A

catalase

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3
Q

Ingredients

A

potato puree
hydrogen peroxide
alkalines (naoh)
acids (hcl)

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4
Q

what are enzymes

A

biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions without being changed or consumed

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5
Q

how do enzymes work

A
  • active site is specific to only one type of reaction
  • can catalyze infinite amount of reactions
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6
Q

what is pH

A

per hydrogen
measures the acidity or alkalinity of the substance

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7
Q

ionization

A

occurs when pure water separates into h+ and oh- ions

occurs because chemical bonds are not infinitely strong

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8
Q

what are acids

A

any substance that when added to an aqueous solution causes an excess of h+ ions

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9
Q

what is an alkaline

A

any substance that when added to an aqueous solution causes an excess of oh- ions

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10
Q

why does the active site get denatured when acids are added to the solution

A

because the hcl ionizes into h+ and cl-, which causes an excess of h+. The excess h+ bond with the negatively charged amino acids (in the hydrogen bonds) which break the bonds

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11
Q

why does the active site get denatured when akalis are added to the solution

A

because the NaOh ionizes into na+ and oh-, which causes an excess of oh-. The excess oh- bond with the positively charged amino acids (in the hydrogen bonds) which break the bonds

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12
Q

what are the products and reactants

A

hydrogen peroxide -> oxygen + water

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13
Q

research question

A

what is the effect of changing pH on the rate of reaction catalyzed by catalase

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14
Q

Hypothesis

A

At acidic pH (4.0 - 6.0), the rate of reaction will be slow and will increase as the pH gets closer to neutral. This is because the excess h+ will break the hydrogen bonds that give the enzyme it’s unique shape. At neutral pH (7.0), the rate of reaction will be at its highest since the h+ and oh- ions will be in balance. At alkaline pH (8.0 - 11.0), the rate of reaction will slow down once again due to the excess oh- denaturing the active site. Overall, the more acidic or alkaline the solution is, the slower the rate of reaction will be.

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15
Q

Independent variable

A

pH

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16
Q

dependent variable

A

rate of reaction (oxygen gas produced in 30s)

17
Q

fixed variables

A
  • temp h202
  • temp potato puree
  • volume h202
  • volume potato puree
  • time of each reaction
  • concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution
  • amount of light
  • collection method
18
Q

defects of experiment

A
  • oxygen gas lost as a result of the collection method
  • discrepancies between how each group collected their data
19
Q

solutions to problems

A
  • adding a hole with a secure lid to the ‘lid’ of the beaker to lose less oxygen gas
  • having one person collect all data to ensure it is done in a consistent manner
20
Q

how to graph

A
  • ph on x
  • rate of reaction on y
  • curve of best fit starting at first and ending at last point
  • title and axis titles
  • use ruler
21
Q

why do we do multiple trials

A

because there is variability in life
when there are mutliple trials, we calculate the mean

22
Q

mean

A

add up all elements then divide by the amount

  • useful as it accounts for variability and gets us closer to the true value
23
Q

purpose of a graph

A

visual representation - allows us to draw conclusions we wouldn’t be able to otherwise

24
Q

measurement uncertainty

A

degree to which we can measure precisely
- after the measurement, add +/- ___
- in the ___ we put to what place the form of measurement goes to
- ex. thermometer only goes to ones place, so it would be 17C +/- 1C
ruler goes to one tenths place so it would be 50.9cm +/- 0.1cm

25
Q

How to graph

A

find mean of points, then graph that number with its corresponding pH

26
Q

needed elements

A
  • water
  • hcl solution
  • naoh solution
  • water
  • potato puree
  • graduated buret
  • clamps
  • bowl
  • graduated cylinder
  • stand
  • pipet
  • stopwatch
  • ruler
  • thermometer
  • marker
  • blender
  • test tubes
  • beakers

Biology (5 decks)

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