BIO TEST #1

Question 1

observation

Answer 1

something you can notice or perceive

Question 2

inference

Answer 2

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

Question 3

wild guess

Answer 3

a guess based on no information or knowledge

Question 4

plasma membrane

Answer 4

regulates movement of substances in and out of cell

Question 5

ribosome

Answer 5

site of protein synthesis

Question 6

mitochondria

Answer 6

the powerhouse of the cell

Question 7

golgi body

Answer 7

modifies protein and packages nutrients

Question 8

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

folded membrane that transports materials

Question 9

chloroplast

Answer 9

where photosynthesis takes place

Question 10

centrioles

Answer 10

occur in pairs and are important for cell division, not in animal cell

Question 11

cilia and flagella

Answer 11

aid locomotion and feeding

Question 12

cell wall

Answer 12

surrounds only a plant cell and protects the cell

Question 13

lysosome

Answer 13

a vesicle that contains digestive enzymes

Question 14

vacuole

Answer 14

storage for temporary storage

Question 15

nucleus

Answer 15

contains center or the cell, helps production

Question 16

characteristics of living organisms

Answer 16

they need energy, such is photosynthesis. humans need cellular respiration and water. the basic unit of living things are cells

Question 17

living things

Answer 17

something that need an energy source to survive

Question 18

autotrophs

Answer 18

use energy from the sun and make sugar and starch for food

Question 19

heterotrophs

Answer 19

they cannot make their own nutrients and therefore acquire it from another source

Question 20

cellular respiration

Answer 20

a way for heterotrophs to make their nutrients

Question 21

photosynthesis

Answer 21

the process of autotrophs using the sun to make nutrients

Question 22

4 layers of cell membrane

Answer 22

phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends

Question 23

hypertonic

Answer 23

the cell will release water and shrink

Question 24

isotonic

Answer 24

no change in the cell shape

Question 25

hypotonic

Answer 25

cell gains water and cells bloat, possibly leading to a burst

Question 26

what is active transport

Answer 26

transports with the use of energy by the cell.

Question 27

3 types or active transport

Answer 27

ion pumps, exocytosis, and endocytosis

Question 28

what is passive transport

Answer 28

transports without the use of energy by the cell

Question 29

3 types of passive transport

Answer 29

diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

Question 30

homeostasis

Answer 30

the bodies ability to maintain a constant internal environment with a changing external environment

Question 31

thermoregulation

Answer 31

the ability to maintain a constant body temperate

Question 32

osmoregulation

Answer 32

the ability to maintain a constant water balance

Question 33

waste management

Answer 33

the ability of the body to rid itself of harmful waste

Question 34

ion pumps

Answer 34

protein embedded in the cell membrane. allow for passage of certain charges

Question 35

exocytosis

Answer 35

a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole

Question 36

endocytosis

Answer 36

process by which a cell takes material into the cell by unfolding of the cell membrane

Question 37

prokaryotic

Answer 37

an organism that does not have a nucleus

Question 38

eukaryotic

Answer 38

cells that contain a nucleus

Question 39

properties of living things

Answer 39

use energy, they grow, they reproduce, they evolve

Question 40

cell theory

Answer 40

-all living organisms are composing of cells -cells are the basic unit of structure and function - all cells come from pre-existing cells by mitosis

Question 41

negative feedback

Answer 41

used to help equilibrium, maintaining temperature etc

Question 42

positive feedback

Answer 42

when the body amplifies or magnifies the change of output

Question 43

diffusion

Answer 43

particles following a concentration gradient

Question 44

osmosis

Answer 44

diffusion of water following a concentration gradient

Question 45

facilitated diffusion

Answer 45

diffusion using a carrier protein in the plasma membrane

Question 46

what can pass through cell membrane

Answer 46

o2, CO2, H2O