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BIO 30S > BIO TEST #1 > Flashcards

BIO TEST #1 Flashcards

1
Q

observation

A

something you can notice or perceive

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2
Q

inference

A

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

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3
Q

wild guess

A

a guess based on no information or knowledge

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4
Q

plasma membrane

A

regulates movement of substances in and out of cell

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5
Q

ribosome

A

site of protein synthesis

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6
Q

mitochondria

A

the powerhouse of the cell

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7
Q

golgi body

A

modifies protein and packages nutrients

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8
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

folded membrane that transports materials

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9
Q

chloroplast

A

where photosynthesis takes place

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10
Q

centrioles

A

occur in pairs and are important for cell division, not in animal cell

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11
Q

cilia and flagella

A

aid locomotion and feeding

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12
Q

cell wall

A

surrounds only a plant cell and protects the cell

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13
Q

lysosome

A

a vesicle that contains digestive enzymes

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14
Q

vacuole

A

storage for temporary storage

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15
Q

nucleus

A

contains center or the cell, helps production

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16
Q

characteristics of living organisms

A

they need energy, such is photosynthesis. humans need cellular respiration and water. the basic unit of living things are cells

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17
Q

living things

A

something that need an energy source to survive

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18
Q

autotrophs

A

use energy from the sun and make sugar and starch for food

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19
Q

heterotrophs

A

they cannot make their own nutrients and therefore acquire it from another source

20
Q

cellular respiration

A

a way for heterotrophs to make their nutrients

21
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process of autotrophs using the sun to make nutrients

22
Q

4 layers of cell membrane

A

phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends

23
Q

hypertonic

A

the cell will release water and shrink

24
Q

isotonic

A

no change in the cell shape

25
Q

hypotonic

A

cell gains water and cells bloat, possibly leading to a burst

26
Q

what is active transport

A

transports with the use of energy by the cell.

27
Q

3 types or active transport

A

ion pumps, exocytosis, and endocytosis

28
Q

what is passive transport

A

transports without the use of energy by the cell

29
Q

3 types of passive transport

A

diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

30
Q

homeostasis

A

the bodies ability to maintain a constant internal environment with a changing external environment

31
Q

thermoregulation

A

the ability to maintain a constant body temperate

32
Q

osmoregulation

A

the ability to maintain a constant water balance

33
Q

waste management

A

the ability of the body to rid itself of harmful waste

34
Q

ion pumps

A

protein embedded in the cell membrane. allow for passage of certain charges

35
Q

exocytosis

A

a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole

36
Q

endocytosis

A

process by which a cell takes material into the cell by unfolding of the cell membrane

37
Q

prokaryotic

A

an organism that does not have a nucleus

38
Q

eukaryotic

A

cells that contain a nucleus

39
Q

properties of living things

A

use energy, they grow, they reproduce, they evolve

40
Q

cell theory

A

-all living organisms are composing of cells
-cells are the basic unit of structure and function
- all cells come from pre-existing cells by mitosis

41
Q

negative feedback

A

used to help equilibrium, maintaining temperature etc

42
Q

positive feedback

A

when the body amplifies or magnifies the change of output

43
Q

diffusion

A

particles following a concentration gradient

44
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water following a concentration gradient

45
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

diffusion using a carrier protein in the plasma membrane

46
Q

what can pass through cell membrane

A

o2, CO2, H2O

BIO 30S (7 decks)

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