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Biology > Bio Quiz 2.1-2.3 > Flashcards

Bio Quiz 2.1-2.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

In the presence of lactose, what happens to the lac operon?

A

The operon is turned on, and genes for lactose metabolism are transcribed.

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2
Q

True or False: The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of amino acids in proteins.

A

True

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3
Q

Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic modification?

The process of DNA replication in a cell.
Methylation of DNA that silences a specific gene.
Inheritance of a gene from one’s parents.
A mutation in a DNA sequence.

A

Methylation of DNA that silences a specific gene

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4
Q

What type of RNA is considered coding RNA

A

mRNA

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5
Q

What is the primary role of transcription factors in gene expression?

A

To regulate the initiation of transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences.

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of epigenetic changes?

environmental factors
diet
DNA mutations
nicotine and alcohol

A

DNA mutations

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7
Q

What is the correct complementary DNA sequence: for: ATCGGTA?

A

TAGCCAT

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8
Q

The Central Dogma in molecular biology refers to

A

DNA –> RNA –> Protein

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9
Q

What happens during the metaphase stage of mitosis?

A

Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell

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10
Q

True or False: Introns are non-coding and therefore not in the final mRNA that is translated

A

True

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11
Q

True or False: RNAi is a mechanism for combating virus infections only in plants

A

False

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12
Q

In eukaryotes, DNA replication occurs in

A

5’ —> 3’ direction

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13
Q

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules

A

each with one new strand and one original strand

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14
Q

True or False: Meiosis occurs in both somatic and germ cells to produce daughter cells with necessary genetic information

A

False

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14
Q

True or False: the promoter region is the binding site for the lac repressor in E. coli

A

False

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15
Q

In eukaryotes, DNA packaging seems to affect gene expression primarily by

A

controlling access to DNA

16
Q

After fertilization of an egg the resulting zygote has

A

a diploid chromosome number - one from each parent

17
Q

Where do microRNAs (miRNAs) typically bind to exert their regulatory effects

A

to messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules

17
Q

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase in the cell?

A

to transcribe DNA into RNA

18
Q

Which of the following is true regarding ribosomes?
Ribosomes are composed of RNA and protein
Ribosomes are found in the nucleus
Ribosomes are responsible for DNA replication in the cell
Ribosomes are found only in eukaryotic cells

A

Ribosomes are composed of RNA and protein

19
Q

During transcription in eukaryotes, a mRNA molecule is formed that is

none of the answers are correct

synthesized in the cytoplasm

complementary to neither strand of DNA

complementary to both strands of DNA

double stranded

A

none of the answers are correct

20
Q

What holds the two strands of the DNA double helix together?

A

Hydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs

21
Q

True or False: Hox genes found in different organisms are very similar to each other

A

True

22
Q

True or False: tRNA is required for transcription

A

False

23
Q

How many nucleotides are needed to encode for six amino acids?

A

18

24
Q

In order for DNA replication to proceed, primase must add a

A

RNA primer

25
Q

True or False: Rosalind Frankin was awarded a Nobel Prise for her groundbreaking work in DNA x-ray diffraction.

A

False

26
Q

Which of the following is false?

almost every cell in the human body contains a complete copy of the human genome
DNA in cells differ to produce specific/unique organs in the body
gene regulation determines which genes are expressed within any given cell
eukaryotes use multiple mechanisms to regulate gene expression

A

DNA in cells differ to produce specific/unique organs in the body

Biology (6 decks)

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