bio quiz 2 testingtry3

Question 1

1. Movement of potassium down its electrochemical gradient will result in what effect on membrane potential?

Answer 1

A. Hyper-polarization

Question 2

A stronger stimulus will result in a greater membrane depolarization of a neuron resulting in ___.

Answer 2

B. More frequent action potentials

Question 3

All of the following are true regarding graded potential EXCEPT:

A. They can be added together for increased effect
B. They can be added to opposing potentials and be reduced in effect
C. They fade over time and distance
D. They all look alike (in amplitude)

Answer 3

D. They all look alike (in amplitude)

Question 4

A stroke affecting the temporal lobe is most likely to show signs and symptoms affecting the

Answer 4

D. Patients speech or hearing

Question 5

The frontal lobe is responsible for conscious:

Answer 5

A. Control of voluntary motor area and limbic system

Question 6

The cerebellum is most responsible for:

Answer 6

B. Control of fine motor control and balance/posture

Question 7

The beta-2 receptor, upon binding to its ligand, will result in which of the following effects?

Answer 7

D. Vascular smooth muscle relaxation and dilation in cardiac arterioles

Question 8

The peripheral nervous system division that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions is the :

Answer 8

sympathetic

Question 9

Ephedra is a sympathomimetic, meaning it has sympathetic nervous system activating effects. As such, it may be assumed to have all of the following side effects EXCEPT:

A. Increased heart rate
B. Increased blood pressure
C. Pale, clammy (moist) skin
D. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping

Answer 9

D. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping

Question 10

The ___ division of the autonomic nervous system helps conserve energy and the body’s resources (rest) and uses ____ as its neurotransmitter(s).

Answer 10

D. Parasympathetic; acetylcholine

Question 11

Saltatory conduction:

Answer 11

C. Occurs only at the Nodes of Ranvier

Question 12

Graded potentials are all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Impulses which travel without diminishing over distance
B. Localized membrane potential changes as a result of ion channels opening
C. Graded potentials can be added to achieve a combined effect on membrane potential
D. Can be either hyperpolarizing or depolarizing

Answer 12

A. Impulses which travel without diminishing over distance

Question 13

Calcium has an equilibrium potential of 123mV. This means that under normal resting potential, if Ca++ became more permeable the membrane potential would:

Answer 13

A. Become more positive until the inside of the cell became positive

Question 14

The basal ganglia ( cerebral nuclei) are most involved in:

Answer 14

D. Inhibiting unwanted movement ( coordinating movement)

Question 15

The parasympathetic nervous system is associated with which of the following:

Answer 15

B. Ganglia that are close to the target organ

Question 16

The receptive (incoming signal) portion of the neuron is called the:

Answer 16

C. Dendrite

Question 17

When both Na and K are permeable at the same time (as in opening ion chemicals at the neuromuscular junction allowing both to cross), what will happen to the membrane potential?

Answer 17

The cell membrane depolarizes

Question 18

Making the inside of the cell membrane more negative relative to the outside of the membrane would be considered:

Answer 18

hyperpolarization and repolarization

Question 19

Damage to Broca’s area is most likely to cause:

Answer 19

Inability/difficulty in forming words (expressive aphasia)

Question 20

The reticular formation is responsible for:

Answer 20

Wakefulness and vital reflexes

Question 21

Parasympathetic system stimulation causes all of the following effects except:

A. Increasing pancreatic secretion
B. Increasing digestive system motility
C. Constriction of bronchiole muscle
D. Increasing vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle

Answer 21

D. Increasing vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle

Question 22

Demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Guillain Barre syndrome, may not initially damage the axon but still can result in symptoms and dysregulation because:

Answer 22

The rate of AP transmission, thus the information is altered

Question 23

Upon opening, voltage gated Na+ channels will allow ions to flow until:

Answer 23

inactivation gates close

Question 24

Which of the following receptor types does not activate G proteins (ie does not use a second messenger system:

Answer 24

nicotinic

Question 25

A stroke in the occipital lobe is most likely to show signs & symptoms affecting the:

Answer 25

The patient’s vision

Question 26

The alpha-1 receptor will, upon binding to its ligand, will result in which of the following effects?

Answer 26

B. Excitation and vasoconstriction of vascular smooth muscle

Question 27

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the comparison of the Autonomic and Somatic Nervous System?

Answer 27

B. They both originate in the CNS and end in the PNS, so are a part of the Peripheral Nervous System

Question 28

The effect of Sympathetic Nervous System activation on metabolism includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 28

Storage of glucose as glycogen is enhanced

Question 29

If the K+ channels opened and stayed open in an otherwise normal person, what would happen to the resting membrane potential of -70mV?

Answer 29

B. Become more negative until the membrane potential reached -94mV

Question 30

The minimum depolarization needed to open voltage-gated Na+ channels and form an action potential is term:

Answer 30

threshold

Question 31

Any given spinal nerve arises from (is formed by):

Answer 31

The combination of an anterior spinal root with a posterior spinal root

Question 32

Vascular smooth muscle is most impacted by what type of receptor ( what receptor is most present)?

Answer 32

alpha 1

Question 33

Chloride has an equilibrium potential nearly the same as the resting potential. As a result, a resting Membrane potential CL- (when permeable to the membrane) wil move:

Answer 33

B. Equally in both directions

Question 34

A stroke affecting the temporal lobe would most likely affect:

Answer 34

primary auditory cortex