BIO midterm Axial Appendicular skeleton Flashcards
axial skeleton consist of
skull
thoracic cage -sternum ribs
vertebral column (spine)
Appendicular skeleton
shoulder girdle: clavicle,spacula
upper limb
pelvic girdle
ilium, ischium, pubis
lower limb
axial bones form the _____
central axis of skeleton (spine)
Protects the
CNS-brain and spinal cord
Skull is divided into two regions such as (what bones)
facial and cranial bones
what are the cranial bones
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
sphenoid
ethmoid
what are the facial bones
mandible
maxilla
palatine
nasal
vomer
nasal conchae
zygomatic
lacrimal
when one cranial plate meets another is called
cranial suture: they are;
sagittal
coronal
lambdoidal
squamosal
frontal is positional at the
Front (anterior) (forehead) and superior region of the cranial vault
ethmoid and sphenoid forms the
anterior crania fossa
frontal create the
superior orbit of eyes
Frontal features
-supraorbital notch or foramen
-supraorbital margin
-glabella
-frontal sinus
-zygomatic process
frontal structure is associated with
coronal suture
coronal plane is
the superior surface of the cranial vault
cranial bones -parietal are
superior to the frontal, anterior to the occipital and posterior to the temporal lobe
create most of wall of cranial vault
Partial features list them
squamous suture
coronal suture
lambdoid suture
sagittal suture
temporal features of the cranial bone
-squamous and pterosal portions
-internal and external acoustic meatus
-mastoid process
-styloid process
-carotid canal
-zygomatic process
-mandibular fossa
occipital is
posterior in the cranial vault
occipital features
-external occipital protuberance -occipital condyles
-hypoglossal canal
-foramen magnum
-grooves for the transverse and superior sagittal venous sinuses
Sphenoid bone
center of the skull
Sphenoid features
-sella turcica
-body and sphenoid sinus
-optic canal
-medial and lateral pterygoid processes
-foramen ovale
-foramen spinosum
-greater and lesser wings
-supraorbital fissure
ethmoid bone
deep bone of cranial vault
Ethmoid features
-crista galli
-cribiform plate and foramina
-perpendicular plate
-ethmoid sinuses
-superior and middle nasal concha
Mandible is
inferior jaw bone
Mandible features
- Mandibular condyle
-Mandibular notch
-Coronoid process
-Ramus
-Angle of the mandible
-Alveolar margin
-Mental protuberance
Maxilla bone
upper jaw
Maxilla features
-Palatine portion
-Zygomatic process
-Maxillary sinus
-Alveolar margin
Palatine bone
hard palate (right and left bilateral)
Nasal bones
bilateral of bridge nose
inferior and posterior to nasal bone
inferior nasal conchae are
bi lateral turbinate
zygomatic is
the corner of the cheek
lacrimal bones are
paired bone in medial orbit of eye
cranial sutures
coronal
sagittal
parietal
lambdoidal
squamous
hyoid
suspends larynx
NOT ATTACHED TO ANOTHER BONE
Thoracic rib cage
bound bilaterally (right and left sides)
sternum has three regions
manubirum -uppermost
body of sternum
diploid process
true ribs
1-7 attach to sternum (breastbone) by costcohondral cartilage
false ribs
8-12 not directly connected sternum
attach to cartilage of next superior rib
11 and 12 are
floating ribs
costae features
head, neck, tubercle
Primary curvature of spine are
thoracic (chest) sacral (pelvis)
secondary curvature is
cervicle (neck) lumbar (abs)
how many sacral vertebrae
5
