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bio2 > Bio Lab For Final > Flashcards

Bio Lab For Final Flashcards

1
Q

these are the same as nostrils and are for breathing

A

nares

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2
Q

a heart with four chambers means the animal is blank but a heart with fewer than four chambers means the animal is blank

A

endothermic, ectothermic

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3
Q

a feature that is common only to birds

A

air sacs in bones

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4
Q

pigeons do not have blank because they do not eat fat

A

gallbladders

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5
Q

in pigs, the pancreas is special because it fits into these two systems

A

endocrine and digestive

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6
Q

the glottis allows air to enter the blank

A

trachea

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7
Q

the esophagus allows food to enter the blank

A

stomach

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8
Q

how many chambered heart of frog

A

3

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9
Q

how many chambered heart of pig

A

4

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10
Q

The blank leads to the nasal passages

A

nasopharynx

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11
Q

without this, food would enter the trachea when swallowing

A

epiglottis

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12
Q

Three functions of the liver

A

remove poisonous substances, regulate cholesterol levels, make bile

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13
Q

What does gallbladder do?

A

stores bile made by the liver and aids in digesting fats

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14
Q

Which ventricle of the heart is more muscular?

A

left because pumps heart throughout body

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15
Q

pulmonary veins carry

A

oxygen

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16
Q

major vein in head

A

jugular

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17
Q

major artery in head

A

carotid

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18
Q

major artery and vein in arms

A

subclavian

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19
Q

major artery and vein in kidney

A

renal

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20
Q

major artery and vein in legs

A

iliac

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21
Q

organ used in human males to carry sperm and urine

A

urethra

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22
Q

right side of heart pumps blood to

A

lungs

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23
Q

left side of heart pumps blood to

A

body

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24
Q

human blood cells are blank that frog’s

A

bigger

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25
Q

fish scales blank

A

vary

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26
Q

important parts of heart (10)

A

aorta, superior vena cava (head and shoulders), pulmonary arteries, L/R atrium, L/R ventricle, inferior vena cava (legs), bicuspid valve (left), tricuspid valve (right), semilunar valves, septum

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27
Q

blood movement through the heart

A

head and feet blood go to the inferior vena cava then into the right atrium then into the right ventricle then into the pulmonary artery then into the lungs then into the pulmonary veins then into the left atrium then into the left ventricle then into the aorta

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28
Q

two functions of lungs in homeostasis

A

pH maintenance and waste removal of CO2

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29
Q

Three homeostatic organs

A

lungs, kidney, liver

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30
Q

two functions of liver in homeostasis

A

maintain glucose levels and convert NH2 to urea

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31
Q

four functions of kidney in homeostasis

A

regulate pH, excrete excess glucose, excrete nitrogenous waste, regulate blood volume

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32
Q

four types of epithelial tissue

A

simple squamous, pseudostratified ciliated columnar, simple cuboidal, simple columnar

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33
Q

location of simple squamous

A

lungs

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34
Q

location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar

A

trachea

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35
Q

location of simple cuboidal

A

kidney

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36
Q

location of simple columnar

A

small intestine

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37
Q

three types of muscle tissue

A

cardiac, smooth, skeletal

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38
Q

location of cardiac muscle

A

heart

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39
Q

location of smooth muscle

A

digestive tract

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40
Q

location of skeletal muscle

A

muscles attached to skeleton

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41
Q

type of tissue that conducts nerve impulses

A

nervous tissue

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42
Q

5 types of connective tissue

A

blood, adipose, bone, cartilage, dense fibrous

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43
Q

location of stratified squamous epithelial tissue

A

epidermis

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44
Q

location of adipose tissue

A

beneath skin

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45
Q

location of cartilage tissue

A

nose

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46
Q

location of dense fibrous tissue

A

tendons and ligaments

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47
Q

most important homeostatic organ

A

kidney

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48
Q

how many nephrons in kidney

A

1 million

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49
Q

ball of capillaries in kidney

A

glomerulus

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50
Q

cup that holds the glomerulus and where filtrate is made

A

bowman’s capsule

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51
Q

what goes into the glomerulus

A

water, salt, urea, sugar, amino acids

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52
Q

this is below the bowman’s capsule and takes back sugar and amino acid

A

proximal tubule

53
Q

this is the loop that regulates hypo and hypertonic

A

loop of Henle

54
Q

dilluted in the kidney solution

A

hypotonic

55
Q

concentrated in the kidney solution

A

hypertonic

56
Q

skeletal muscle is blank whereas cardiac muscle is blank and has blank

A

not branched, branched, intercalated discs

57
Q

three functions of epithelial tissue

A

protect, absorb, secrete

58
Q

three functions of connective tissue

A

binds, protects, supports

59
Q

two types of muscle tissue

A

voluntary and involuntary

60
Q

three types of epithelial tissue

A

simple, cuboidal, columnar

61
Q

function of simple epithelial tissue

A

exchange materials

62
Q

function of cuboidal epithelial tissue

A

absorption

63
Q

function of columnar epithelial tissue

A

protect, absorb, secrete

64
Q

appearance of skeletal muscle

A

striated and not branched

65
Q

appearance of smooth muscle

A

spindle

66
Q

appearance of cardiac muscle

A

striated and branced

67
Q

how to recognize slide of bone

A

concentric rings

68
Q

stratified means

A

layered

69
Q

squamous means

A

flattened

70
Q

epithelium means

A

continuous layer

71
Q

equilibrium of body’s internal environments

A

homeostasis

72
Q

blank ventricle creates the 120 in normal blood pressure

A

systole

73
Q

blank ventricles create the 80 in normal blood pressure

A

diastole

74
Q

how do kidneys maintain blood pressure

A

reabsorb salt and water which maintains blood pressure and volume

75
Q

three steps in urine formation

A

filtration, reabsorption, tubular secretion

76
Q

substance in filtrate but not in urine

A

sugar

77
Q

is glucose reabsorbed in kidneys?

A

yes

78
Q

glucose in urine could mean

A

diabetes

79
Q

flagellated cell that moves water

A

choanocyte

80
Q

blank is released into the blood to store the acquired nutrients

A

glucagon

81
Q

five main parts of brain

A

medulla oblongata, pons, cerebellum, cerebrum, corpus callosum

82
Q

relays signals to the brain

A

pons

83
Q

balance and smooth movement in brain

A

cerebellum

84
Q

voluntary functions in brain

A

medulla oblongata

85
Q

intelligence and memory in the brain

A

cerebrum

86
Q

connects left side to right side in brain

A

corpus callosum

87
Q

order of nervous signals when pricked with a pin

A

stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

88
Q

eight important parts of eye

A

sclera, cornea, choroid, retina, fovea centralis, lens, pupil, optic nerve

89
Q

protects and supports eyeball

A

sclera

90
Q

refracts light rays in eyeball

A

cornea

91
Q

absorbs stray light rays in eyeball

A

choroid

92
Q

contains receptors for sight in eyeball

A

retina

93
Q

makes acute vision possible in eyeball

A

fovea centralis

94
Q

refracts and focuses light rays in eyeball

A

lens

95
Q

admits light in eyeball

A

pupil

96
Q

transmits impulses to brain in eyeball

A

optic nerve

97
Q

six important parts of ear

A

pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, auditory tube, semicircular canals, cochlea

98
Q

collects sound waves in ear

A

pinna

99
Q

filters air in ears

A

auditory canal

100
Q

amplifies sound waves in ear

A

tympanic membrane

101
Q

equalizes air pressure in ear

A

auditory tube

102
Q

rotational equilibrium in ear

A

semicircular canals

103
Q

hearing in ear

A

cochlea

104
Q

two important structures in outer ear

A

pinna, auditory canal

105
Q

two important structures in middle ear

A

tympanic membrane, auditory tube

106
Q

two important structures in inner ear

A

semicircular canals, cochlea

107
Q

gray color and butterfly shape that has interneurons

A

matter of spinal cord

108
Q

a series of concentric rings are called blank

A

lamellae

109
Q

a series of concentric rings called lamellae

A

osteons (haversian system)

110
Q

the blank of hyaline cartilage has cavites scattered throughout the matrix which contains chondrocytes

A

lacunae

111
Q

the blank of hyaline cartilage has a material that is more flexible because it consists primarily of protein

A

matrix

112
Q

if a muscle contraction produces movement it is a blank contraction

A

isotonic

113
Q

if a muscle contraction does not produce movement it is blank

A

isometric

114
Q

two things in a compact bone

A

lacunae and canaliculi

115
Q

bones that make up the pectoral girdle of humans

A

clavicles and scapula

116
Q

bones that protect the thoracic cavity

A

ribs, sternum, vertebrae

117
Q

mononucleus muscle

A

smooth

118
Q

multinucleated muscles

A

cardiac, skeletal

119
Q

when glycerinated muscles shorten, what happens microscopically

A

actin filaments are sliding past myosin filaments

120
Q

chain of zygote development

A

zygote, morula, blastula, gastrula, embryo

121
Q

does growth occur during cleavage

A

no

122
Q

the unpigmented, yolky side of the fertilized egg is called the blank

A

vegetal pole

123
Q

the black side that contains very little yolk is called the blank in the fertilized egg

A

animal pole

124
Q

animal or vegetal contain larger cells

A

vegetal

125
Q

skin, hair, nails, and nerves make up the

A

ectoderm

126
Q

circulatory system, muscle, bones make up the

A

mesoderm

127
Q

digestive tract, and respiratory linings make up the blank

A

endoderm

128
Q

phylum with a simple tubular gut lined by an epithelial membrane

A

nematoda

bio2 (5 decks)

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