Bio Lab 5- Gymnosperms

Question 1

Clade Gymnosperm

Answer 1

Sporophyte dominant 
Have seeds
Pollen
Defensive chemicals are a secondary metabolite
Vessels (aka advanced xylem)
Vascular cambien
Secondary growth (wide)

Question 2

Seeds

Answer 2

Embryonic sporophytes with food to grow first leaves
Naked seeds- not surrounded by fruit
Multicellular

Question 3

Pollen

Answer 3

Male gametophyte

Tubes to get male to female parts

Question 4

Vascular cambien

Answer 4

Woody

Question 5

Analogous vs homologous

Answer 5

Anal: same function no common ancestor
Homo: same part with common ancestor

Question 6

Phylums of gymnosperm

Answer 6

Cycadophyta
Ginkophyta
Gnetophyta
Coniferophyta

Question 7

Phylum cycadophyta

Answer 7

Resemble palms or ferns
Dioecious
Flagulated (swimming) sperm
Grow in warm wet places

Question 8

Phylum Ginkophyta

Answer 8

Only one species that isn't extinct
Ginkgo biloba- fan like leaves
Dioecious
Flagulated sperm
Female has fleshy cones that smell like dog poop

Question 9

Phylum Gnetophyta

Answer 9

70 species
Super advanced xylem
3 genre

Question 10

Genus Welwitscia

Answer 10

Genus of phylum Gnetophyta, clade gymnosperm, viridiplantae

African
Huge always growing leaves
Usually only a couple leaves

Question 11

Genus Ephedra

Answer 11

Genus of Gnetophyta, clade gymnosperm, viridiplantae

Photosynthetic stems

Question 12

Genus Gnetum

Answer 12

Genus of Gnetophyta, clade gymnosperm, viridiplantae

Grows as a vine or tree
Tropical

Question 13

Phylum Coniferophyta

Answer 13

Of clade gymnosperm, viridiplantae 
135 MYO
Leaf shapes can be needles, awl-like or sharp
Usually evergreen
Everything from field trip
75% of worlds lumber

Question 14

Douglas Fir

Answer 14

Fake fir
Monecious 
Evergreen
Spiky cones, like hawaiian hats
Singularly attached needles
360 degrees of needles
Flat pliable needles
Late secessional

Question 15

Larch Tamerak

Answer 15

Coniferous
Deciduous 
Female cones in groups, golf ball sized
Knobs called short shoots where needles grow
Monecious

Question 16

Abes True Fir

Answer 16

Needles grow only on sides of branch
Flat
2 Stripes of stomata on bottom of needles
Monecious
Evergreen
Females cones grow up 
Coniferous

Question 17

Gingko Biloba

Answer 17

Only species in its phylum
Short shoots bigger than larch leaves
Not coniferous
Fan-like leaves
Dichotomous venation
Diecious

Question 18

Giant Sequoia

Answer 18

Awl-like leaves (all move one direction)
Diecious
Coniferous

Question 19

Taxis

Answer 19

Coniferous
Short flat succulent needles
Diecious
Bush

Question 20

Austrian Pine

Answer 20

Needles grow in groups of 2 called fasciles
Monecious
Coniferous
Evergreen

Question 21

Ponderosa Pine

Answer 21

Woody cones
Each fascile has 3 long needs
Monecious

Question 22

Himalyan Pine

Answer 22

5 needles per fascile
Droopy long needles
Monecious
Coniferous

Question 23

Secondary metabolite

Answer 23

What a plant produces other than sugars

Usually defense

Question 24

Juniper

Answer 24

Scale like leaves
Round scales
Blue berries
Diecious
Coniferous
Evergreen

Question 25

Engleman Spruce

Answer 25

Monecious
Coniferious
Sharp stiff square singular needles
Shortest needle o spruces
Smallest female cone
Evergreen

Question 26

Colorado Blue Spruce

Answer 26

Blue needles
Stiffest spruce needles
Larger cones than Engleman

Question 27

Thuya

Answer 27

Flatter scales
Monecious
Looks like juniper

Question 28

Norway Spruce

Answer 28

Droopy branches

BIG female cone

Question 29

Ephedra

Answer 29

Bambooish
Diecious
Photosynthetic stems
No leaves
Shrub - multiple woody stems
Coniferous

Question 30

Spruces

Answer 30

Female cones on top
Males down low to prevent cross pollination
Singularly attached needles
Sharp, Stiff, Square needles