Bio Lab 11 - Arthropods

Question 1

Phylum Arthropoda

Answer 1

• 3/4 of all life on earth
• Bilateral eucoelomates
• Have hemolymph instead of blood. Pools in hemocoel

Question 2

Key Adaptations of Arthropoda

Answer 2

1. Jointed appendages
   - lateral stability
   - more energy effiecient to move, but not to build
2. Exoskeleton:
   - protects
   - made of chitin
   - anchors muscles
3. Segmented Body Plan
   - efficient development
4. Vision
   - Ocelli: senses light and movement
   - Compound eye: makes images

Question 3

Tagmata

Answer 3

Head
Throax
Abdomen
Cephalothorax= head + thorax
Trunk = thorax + abdomen

Question 4

Subphlyum Trilobita

Answer 4

Extinct

Have the arthropod body plan

Question 5

Subphylum Chelicerata

Answer 5

Chelicera: most anterior appendages have modified into mouth parts (1 pair)
Pedipalps: sensory,1 pairs of appendages
Walking legs: movement, 4 pairs 
Total: 6 pairs
Books/lungs for respiration
2 Classes

Question 6

Class Xiphosura

Answer 6

of Subphylum Chelicerata
Horseshoe crab
8 pairs of appendages
Use hemolymph to test pharmaceutical purity

Question 7

Class Arachnida

Answer 7

of Subphylum Chelicerata
5 Orders:
1. Order Scorpiones: post abdomen stinger (scorpions)
2. Order Araneae: fused abdomen, spinerettes, fangs (spiders)
3. Order Opiliones: merged throax and abdomen, daddy long legs
4. Order Acari: blood parasites, flat body, no obvious tagmata, mites & ticks
5. Not on test

Question 8

Subphylum Crustacea

Answer 8

see dissection stuff

have mandibles

Question 9

Subphylum Myriapoda

Answer 9

2 Classes:

1. Chilopoda: centipedes, flat, carnivores, 1 appendage per segment
2. Diplopoda: millipedes, 2 pairs of appendages per segment, detrivore

Question 10

Subphylum Hexapoda

Answer 10

6 Feet
grasshopper dissection
no circulatory system

Question 11

Post Embryonic Development

Answer 11

Ametabolous: 
-No post-embryonic development
Hemimetobolous:
-some post development
-go through nymph stage
-look similar to adult
Holometabolous: huge post-development
-larvae (caterpillar)
-adult (butterfly)
**If it has wings, it's an adult

Question 12

Hemimetabolus Species

Answer 12

Dragonflies: 
-Order Ordonata
-Wings don't fold
Grasshopper: 
-Order Orthoptera
-Large jumping legs
Cicadas:
-Order Homoptera
-Tent like wings
True Bugs
-Order Hemiptera
-Large triangle on back

Question 13

Homometabolous Species

Answer 13

Moths:
-Order Lepidoptera
Flies:
-Order Diptera
-Only 1 pair of flight wings
Beetles:
-Order Coleptera
-Fully cover wings with shells
Bees, Ants:
-Order Hymenoptera
-Pinch point between thorax and abdomen

Question 14

Dissections from this Lab

Answer 14

1. Grasshopper ( Subphylum Hexapoda)

2. Crayfish (Subphylum Crustacea)

Question 15

Crayfish Dissection

Answer 15

Things to know:

• Figures from lab book
• Cardiac stomach
• pyloric stomach
• gills (feathery)
• heart (falls out easily)
• Digestive glands