Bio Lab 110 Animal Cell and Plant Cell Structure

Question 1

cell wall

Answer 1

only in plants; contains cellulose fibrils, provides support and protection

Question 2

plasma membrane

Answer 2

phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins; outer cell surface that regulates entrance and exit of molecules

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

enclosed by nuclear envelope, contains chromatin (threads of DNA and protein); storage of genetic information and synthesis of DNA and RNA

Question 4

nucleolus

Answer 4

concentrated area of chromatin; produces subunits of ribosomes

Question 5

ribosome

Answer 5

protein and RNA in 2 subunits; carries out protein synthesis

Question 6

ER

Answer 6

membranous, flattened channels and tubular canals (rough and smooth) synthesis and/or modification of proteins and other substances and transport by vesicle formation

Question 7

rough ER

Answer 7

studded with ribosomes; protein synthesis

Question 8

smooth ER

Answer 8

lack ribosomes; synthesis of lipid molecules

Question 9

golgi apparatus

Answer 9

stack of membranous saccules; processes, packages, and distributes proteins and lipids

Question 10

vesicle

Answer 10

small membrane-bounded sac; stores and transports substances

Question 11

lysosomes

Answer 11

vesicle containing hydrolytic enzymes; breaks down fatty acids and converts resulting hydrogen peroxide to water

Question 12

mitochondrion

Answer 12

bounded by double membrane, inner membrane is cristae; cellular respiration, producing ATP molecules

Question 13

chloroplast

Answer 13

plants only, membranous grana bounded by double membrane; photosynthesis, producing sugars

Question 14

cilia and flagella

Answer 14

9 + 2 pattern of microtubules; movement of cell

Question 15

centrioles

Answer 15

animals only 9 + 0 pattern of microtubules; formation of basal bodies.

Question 16

plant cells only

Answer 16

large central vacuole
cell wall
chloroplast

Question 17

animal cells only

Answer 17

small vacuoles

centrioles