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Bio 110 Lab > Bio 110 Lab 6 > Flashcards

Bio 110 Lab 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

light microscopes use

A

light rays passing thru lenses to magnify the object.

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2
Q

stereomicroscope is also called the

A

dissecting microscope

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3
Q

the steromicroscope is designed to study the

A

entire object in 3D at low magnification

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4
Q

the compound microscope is used for examining

A

small or thinly sliced sections of objects under higher magnification than the stereomicroscope.

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5
Q

the term compound in compound microscope refers to

A

the use of two sets of lenses.

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6
Q

the 2 sets of lenses in a compound microscope are:

A

the ocular lenses and the objective lenses

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7
Q

illumination in a compound microscope is from

A

below.

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8
Q

in a compound light microscope light

A

is from below, then visible light passes thru clear portion of the specimen, but does not pass thru opaque portions.

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9
Q

to improve contrast with a light microscope

A

stains or dyes that bind to cellular structures and absorb light is used

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10
Q

photomicrographs or light micrographs

A

are images produced by a compound light microscope

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11
Q

electron microscopes use

A

beams of electrons focused on a photographic plate by means of electromagnets to magnify the object

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12
Q

transmission electron microscope is comparative to

A

the compound light microscope

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13
Q

the object viewed with a TEM is

A

ultra-thinly sliced and treated with heavy metal salts to improve contrast.

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14
Q

the scanning electron microscope is comparative to

A

the dissecting light microscope

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15
Q

the object viewed with a SEM is

A

an image of the surface and dimensions of an object

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16
Q

the EM has a greater

A

resolving power

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17
Q

resolution is

A

the minimum distance between 2 objects at which they can still be seen as 2 separate objects.

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18
Q

what gives a much greater resolving power

A

the use of high energy electrons

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19
Q

CLM have _____ lenses

TEM have ______ lenses

A

glass

electromagnetic

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20
Q

CLM illumination is by

TEM illumination is by

A

visible light

beam of electrons

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21
Q

CLM resolution is approx.

TEM resolution is approx.

A

200 nm

0.1 nm

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22
Q

CLM magnifies to

TEM magnifies to

A

2,000x

1,000,000x

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23
Q

CLM costs up to

TEM costs up to

A

tens of thousands

hundreds of thousands

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24
Q

the stereomicroscope allows you to

A

view objects in 3D at low magnifications.

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25
Q

the stereomicroscope is used to study

A

entire small organisms, any object requiring lower magnification, and opaque objects that can be viewed only by reflected light. called a stereomicroscope because it produces a 3D image.

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26
Q

binocular head

A

(DS)holds 2 eyepiece lenses that move to accommodate for the various different individuals’ eyes

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27
Q

eyepiece lenses

A

(DS)the 2 lenses located on the binocular head

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28
Q

independent focusing eyepiece

fixed eyepiece

A

(DS) some models have and a knob to allow independent adjustment of each eye.
non adjustable eyepiece

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29
Q

focusing knob

A

(DS) knob located on the arm, used for changing focus of both eyepieces together.

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30
Q

magnification changing knob

A

(DS) often built into the binocular head, used to change the magnification in both eyepieces simultaneously. may be a zoom mechanism or a rotating lens mechanism of different powers that clicks into place.

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31
Q

illumination

A

(DS) used to illuminate an object from above; may be built into microscope or separate.

32
Q

CLM is used to examine

A

small or thinly sliced sections of objects under higher magnification than would be possible with the stereomicroscope.

33
Q

with a CLM light is

A

from below and passes thru the clear portions but does not pass thru the opaque portions.

34
Q

eyepieces (CLM)

A

ocular lenses (10x)

35
Q

viewing head (CLM)

A

holds ocular lenses

36
Q

arm (CLM)

A

supports upper parts and provides carrying handle

37
Q

nosepiece (CLM)

A

revolving device that holds objectives

38
Q

objectives (CLM)

A

objective lenses (ones closest to specimen)

39
Q

scanning objective (CLM)

A

shortest of objective lenses and is used to scan the whole slide. (4x)

40
Q

low power objective (CLM)

A

longer than scanning objective and is used to view objects in greater detail than scanning objective(10x)

41
Q

high power objective (CLM)

A

used to view objects in greater detail than low power (40x)

42
Q

oil immersion objective (CLM)

A

used in conjunction with immersion oil to view objects with the greatest magnification. (100x)

43
Q

stage (CLM)

A

platform that holds and supports microscope slides..

44
Q

mechanical stage (CLM)

A

moveable stage that aids in the accurate positioning of the slide.

45
Q

stage clips (CLM)

A

clips that hold a slide in place on the stage

46
Q

mechanical stage control knobs (CLM)

A

2 knobs that control forward/reverse movement and right/left movement

47
Q

coarse adjustment knob (CLM)

A

knob used to bring object into approximate focus; used only with low power objective

48
Q

fine adjustment knob (CLM)

A

used to bring object into final focus

49
Q

diaphragm or diaphragm control lever (CLM)

A

lever that controls the amount of light passing thru the condenser.

50
Q

light source (illuminator) (CLM)

A

attached lamp that directs a beam of light up thru the object

51
Q

base (CLM)

A

flat surface of the microscope that rests on the table.

52
Q

inversion

A

image is flipped upside down and reversed

53
Q

the ocular lens has a magnification of

A

10x

54
Q

parafocal

A

once the object is in focus with low power it should be almost in focus on the higher ones

55
Q

total magnification is calculated by

A

ocular lens x objective lens

56
Q

field of view

A

circle visible thru the lenses

57
Q

diameter of field

A

length of the field from one edge to the other.

58
Q

HPD=

A

LPD X LPM/HPM

59
Q

which power has a larger field of view

A

low power

60
Q

which power has a smaller field of view but a greater magnification

A

high power

61
Q

to locate small objects on a slide

A

find them on scanning, put them in the center of the field then rotate to low power

62
Q

the depth of field

A

is the area-from top to bottom that comes into focus when slowly focusing with the fine adjustment knob

63
Q

when one thread is in focus

A

the others are blurred

64
Q

as the stage moves upward or objectives move downward

A

objects on top come into focus first

65
Q

the depth of field is more shallow on

A

high power.

66
Q

focusing up and down will give you an idea of

A

the specimen’s 3D form

67
Q

when a specimen is prepared for observation the object should always be viewed as a

A

wet mount

68
Q

what stain was used for epithelial cells

A

methylene blue or iodine solution

69
Q

epidermal cells cover the

A

surfaces of plant organs such as leaves. bulb of an onion is made of fleshy leaves.

70
Q

stain used for onion cells

A

iodine (or methylene blue)

71
Q

calculate length of onion cell

A

HPD/# of cells across

72
Q

euglena is

A

a unicellular organism with a flagellum to facilitate movement

73
Q

protoslo is

A

methyl cellulose solution

74
Q

protoslo

A

slows the organism’s swimming

75
Q

euglena shows an

A

aversion to protoslo

Bio 110 Lab (5 decks)

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