Bio 110 Lab 8 Enzymes

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Question 2

reactants

Answer 2

molecules that undergo a change

Question 3

products

Answer 3

molecules that are changed

Question 4

the number of reactants and products in a reaction can

Answer 4

vary

Question 5

in lab 8 there were

Answer 5

1 reactant and 2 products

Question 6

all the reactions that occur in a cell have an

Answer 6

enzyme

Question 7

enzymes are

Answer 7

organic catalysts that speed metabolic reactions; specific and speed only 1 type of reaction

Question 8

substrate

Answer 8

reactants in an enzymatic chemical reaction

Question 9

enzymatic reaction occurs

Answer 9

on the surface of the enzyme at the active site

Question 10

degradation

Answer 10

substrate is broken down; also called catabolic; energy goes out

Question 11

synthesis

Answer 11

substrates are combined; also called anabolic; energy is required

Question 12

enzymes are specific because they

Answer 12

have a shape that accommodates the shape of their substrates.

Question 13

E=
ES=
P=

Answer 13

enzyme
enzyme substrate complex
product

Question 14

active site

Answer 14

the location where the enzyme and substrate form an enzyme substrate complex

Question 15

at the end of the reaction

Answer 15

the product is released and the enzyme can then combine with with a substrate again.

Question 16

a cell only needs

Answer 16

a small amount of an enzyme because enzymes are used over and over.

Question 17

some enzymes have turnover rates in excess of

Answer 17

a million product molecules per minute.

Question 18

catalase

Answer 18

involved in a degradation reaction with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of nearly all organisms.

Question 19

a peroxisome

Answer 19

contains catalase and is present in every plant and animal organ.

Question 20

hydrogen peroxide harms cells because

Answer 20

it is a powerful oxidizer that can attack and denature cellular molecules like DNA

Question 21

hydrogen peroxide is used as

Answer 21

a commercial antiseptic to kill germs
whitening agent to bleach hair and teeth
provide oxygen to aquatic plants and fish
industrial cleaners
glow sticks where it reacts with dye

Question 22

when catalase speeds the breakdown of H2O2

Answer 22

water and oxygen are released

2 H2O2–> 2H2O + O2

Question 23

bubbling when you apply H2O2 to a cut because

Answer 23

oxygen is being released when the catalase in your body reacts with the H2O2 when oxygen is being released.

Question 24

active sites of enzymes increase the

Answer 24

likelihood that substrate molecules will find each other and interact, thereby lowering the energy of activation

Question 25

energy of activation

Answer 25

the temperate needed for a for a reaction to occur

Question 26

increasing the temperature is expected to

Answer 26

increase the likelihood that active sites will be occupied because molecules move about more rapidly as the temperature rises.

Question 27

the shape of an enzyme and its active site must be maintained or else

Answer 27

they will no longer be functional.

Question 28

very high temperatures

Answer 28

is likely to cause weak bonds of a protein to break, causing the enzyme to denature, losing its shape and the active site will no longer functioning.

Question 29

if you increase the amount of enzyme per amount of substrate it

Answer 29

is more likely that the substrates will find the active site of the enzyme and a reaction will take place.

Question 30

each enzyme has a pH

Answer 30

at which the speed of the reaction is optimum, any higher or lower leads to reduced activity. catalase is 7

Question 31

warm temperature promotes enzyme activity because it

Answer 31

creates more molecule collisions

Question 32

reactants between first reactant and product are

Answer 32

intermediates.

Question 33

ratio of substrate to enzymes is

Answer 33

concentration