Bio cycles, ecosystems, biomes, etc

Question 1

What is a species?

Answer 1

A group of similar organisms in an ecosystem. Members of the same species can reproduce viable offspring.

Question 2

What is population?

Answer 2

A group of members of the same species that live in the same area

Question 3

What is a community?

Answer 3

Made up of populations of different species that live in interact in an area

Question 4

What is niche?

Answer 4

All the interaction of a given species within its ecosystem

Question 5

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 5

An ecosystem is a complex self regulating system in which living things interact with each other and with nonliving things.

Question 6

What is ecology?

Answer 6

The study of how organisms interact with each other in the environment.

Question 7

What is biodiversity?

Answer 7

Biodiversity is the number of different types or a variety of organisms in an area (more types of organisms in an area equals the more biodiversity). High biodiversity is associated with a healthy sustainable ecosystem.

Question 8

What is an autotroph?

Answer 8

Their organisms that make their own food (producers).

Question 9

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 9

They cannot produce their own food (consumers)

Question 10

What are the different types of consumers?

Answer 10

Herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, detritivores (feed on organic matter), decomposers (break down organic matter and release nutrients back into ecosystem ex bacteria)

Question 11

How do producers obtain energy?

Answer 11

They carry out photosynthesis to obtain energy

Question 12

How do consumers obtain energy?

Answer 12

They eat other organisms

Question 13

What is a food chain?

Answer 13

They show the feeding relationships among organisms starting with a producer.

Question 14

What is a food web?

Answer 14

Shows complicated feeding relationships, interconnected food chains

Question 15

What is an energy pyramid?

Answer 15

Shows the amount of available energy the producers and consumers contain as energy flows through the ecosystem.

Question 16

Describe the Energy pyramid

Answer 16

The sun has the most amount of energy then the producer then primary and secondary and tertiary being the least. Every time you move of the food pyramid your Time is it by 0.10 J.

Question 17

What is competition?

Answer 17

Interaction between two or more organisms competing for the same resource in a given habitat (resource, space, food, mate)

Question 18

What is predation?

Answer 18

One organism eating another organism to obtain food. Ex bird eating turtle

Question 19

What is Symbiosis?

Answer 19

Close interaction between two different species and which members of one species live in, on or near members of another species.

Question 20

What is mutualism?

Answer 20

Two types of symbiosis in which both species benefit from the symbiotic partnership.

Question 21

What is commensalism?

Answer 21

Type of symbiosis in which one species benefits from the relationship without harming or helping other species. Ex bird and tree

Question 22

What is parasitism?

Answer 22

Type of symbiosis and which one species benefits from the relationship at the expensive the other species ex tics on dog or zombie snail

Question 23

What is an abiotic factor?

Answer 23

Nonliving factors or influences on organisms.

Question 24

What is a biotic factor?

Answer 24

Factors caused by the presence and rules of other living things for example competition for space, mates and food.

Question 25

Names of all biomes

Answer 25

Deciduous forests, boreal forests, tundra, grasslands, temperate coniferous forest, aquatic biomes (marine snd freshwater)

Question 26

What is the deciduous forest?

Answer 26

Found in southern and eastern parts of Canada. Mostly southern. Highest biodiversity in the world define winter and summer. Lots of precipitation and animals. dominated by deciduous trees (lose leaves), ex maple, oak

Question 27

What are the boreal forests?

Answer 27

Found north of deciduous forests. Most of northern of deciduous trees, bears, wolves, hawks, etc. dominated by confiderous trees, cones and needles

Question 28

What is the tundra

Answer 28

Found in the Arctic and coastline on Hudsons and west of James Bay. No trees just small shrubs no grass, mosses, and lichens. Lowest biodiversity. Lots of arctic animals and permafrost is a soil layer that never thaws.

Question 29

What are grasslands?

Answer 29

Eastern Manitoba to the Rocky Mountains. The prairies or Manitoba Saskatchewan and Alberta. Very few in Ontario and few trees covered in various kinds of grasses and shrubs. And lots of herbivores.

Question 30

What is the temperate coniferous forest?

Answer 30

Western British Columbia and has hyper cipitation period warm wet and mild winters. Different types of needle and cone bearing trees in the boreal forest. there are vultures trumpeter swans bears and lynx

Question 31

What are the two aquatic biomes?

Answer 31

Marine biome:
High salt content. Ocean coral reefs ocean floor intertidal zones. Hudson and James bay

Freshwater:
Very low salt content. Lakes streams rivers wetlands. Great Lakes St. , Lawrence river

Question 32

Steps of water cycle

Answer 32

The sun heats the surface of the water and it evaporates into the atmosphere. The atmosphere what are exist as a gas water vapor. As it cools condom sense to form clouds then it first earth as part of precipitation (rain, hai.,

The sun heats the surface of the water and it evaporates into the atmosphere. The atmosphere what are exist as a gas water vapor. As it cools it condenses to form clouds then it falls to earth as part of precipitation (rain, hail, snow, etc). As it hits the ground it runs off or collects in streams into larger bodies of water. Some water myself through the soil seepage incorrect an underground Lakes as aquifers. Some water is taken up by plants this can be released back into the atmosphere by transpiration.

Question 33

What is a nutrient cycle?

Answer 33

The process of moving nutrient back-and-forth between biotic and a biotic parts of an ecosystem.

Question 34

What is a reservoir?

Answer 34

Any place or matter accumulates

Question 35

Explain nitrogen cycle

Answer 35

The motorcycle is done through nitrogen fixage. one is nitrogen fixing bacteria soil. Fixing bacteria and soil converts nitrogen into ammonia N2-NH3. Wait you’re fine bacteria and soil converts ammonia into nitrites then nitrates. NH3-No2-NO3

Then you have nitron in fixing bacteria in plants. Plants called legumes have nodules on their roots that house nitrogen fixing bacteria. These bacteria convert nitrogen directly to nitrate. N2-No3negative

Finally there’s lightning. Oxygen in the atmosphere to make nitrate. N2+O2=NO3. It is responsible for only 1% of the world nitrogen fixage.

Question 36

What does denitrifying bacteria do?

Answer 36

In soil converts nitrates back into nitrogen gas which returns to atmosphere.

Question 37

What are some carbon reservoirs?

Answer 37

Worlds Forest (biotic), fossil fuels (abiotic), oceans (abiotic)

2 most important are
-photosynthesis
-cellular respiration

Question 38

Describe carbon cycle

Answer 38

A small fraction of sunlight that reaches earth is absorbed by chlorophyll. What is a substance in plants that converts sunlight energy into chemical energy, which is that used for all the processes in the cells( is photosynthesis). Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight = glucose plus oxygen

Cellular respiration is the process used to obtain energy from glucose. Glucose +oxygen =carbon dioxide + water + energy.

Question 39

What is equilibrium?

Answer 39

What with fewer births and more deaths eventually the number of birth equals number of deaths and the population is equilibrium (the same).

Question 40

What is Carrying capacity?

Answer 40

Carrying Capacity is the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without reducing its ability to support future generations of the same species.

Question 41

What is limiting factors?

Answer 41

Limiting factors prevents an increase in the number of organisms in a population or prevents them from moving.

Question 42

Abiotic factors affecting population size

Answer 42

Amount of sunlight, water, soil, air

Natural disturbances
Strings, drought, fire

Human disturbances
Logging

Question 43

Biotic factors affecting population size

Answer 43

Competition among organisms for resources, license of predators, reliance on other organisms for survival, presence of disease causing organisms.

Question 44

Study ap questions

Answer 44

Yes

Question 45

What are the four spheres

Answer 45

lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere

Question 46

explain lithosphere

Answer 46

earths solid, outer layer (the rigid crust and upper mantle) includes the soil and extends 100km down from the surface. home to many microorganisms

Question 47

explain hydrosphere

Answer 47

all of the were on earth (97 percent salt 3 percent fresh). all living organisms need water. 70% of earths surface is covered in water

Question 48

explain atmosphere

Answer 48

layer of gases surrounding earth, and water and carbon dioexide absorb sunlight and retain heat. lower atmosphere - contains oxygen needed to survive. upper part contains oxygen called ozone

Question 49

explain biosphere

Answer 49

where life exists. Includes water and air, and made up of the lithosphere, your hydrosphere and atmosphere