bio c3 Flashcards
root system absorbs
water and minerals.
what do plants capture
light energy
what do plants convert light energy into
chemcial energy
what are roots
anchors the plant and absorbs minerals and water. Often stores carbohydrates
shoot system absorbs
CO2 and light
what are stems
support the leaves and reproductive structures
what are leaves
the main photosynthetic organ of the plant
what is dermal tissue
is the plants protective covering
what is vascular tissue
carries out long distance transport of materials between the root and shoot system
what is ground tissue
Ground tissue in plants is the tissue that fills the space between the vascular tissue and used for storage, photosynthesis and support.
what is a cuticle
a waxy substance that coats the epidermal cells.help prevent water loss.non polar
upper epidermis
one cell thick and tightly packed. protects the leaf aginst any physical damage and pathogens.
palisade cells
one or more layers of tightly packed, lonng and narrow cells with many chloroplast. Site of most of the leaf’s photosynthesis
vascular bundle
a series of tubes that are visible as leaf veins. contains xylem and phloem that are tranpsort fluids.
xylem
dead cells that transport water and minerals upwards from the roots to the leaves.
phloem
alive cells that transports sugars produced by the leaves to various part of the plant
lower epidermis
one cell thick and tightly packed. protects the leaf aginst any physical damage and pathogens.
spongy tissue cells
loosly packed cells containing chloroplast. carries our photosyntheisis and the air spaces between cells allows for gas transport.
stomata
small opening in the epidermal layer that can open or close. Allows gasses in and out of the leaf. Has 2 guard cells that control the diamter and shape of the stomata
root pressure pushed the xylem sap
up
how is water pulled up using transpiration
water is pulled up the xylem tissue to replace the water that is lost
what is cohesion
is the tendency of water molecules to stick to other water molecules due to hydrogen bonding.
what is adhesion
is the tendency of water molecules to stick to surfaces.(Hydrophilic)
where do most gas exchanges occur
stomata
what are lenticles
are lens shaped opened in the bark of woody plants that enable gas exchange
what is transpiration
loss of water vapour from the leaves by diffusion and evaporation
where do most water get out from
through the stomata
what happens when a guard cell gains water
turgid and opens up
what happens when guard cells loose water
flacid and closing
are stomatas open during the day or night
day
what is a tropism
is any growth responce taht results in plant organs curving towards or away from stimuli
positive tropism is growth
towards the stimuli
negitive tropism is growth
away from the stimuli
what is phototropism
growth towards or away from light
what is growth toward light called
positive phototropism
what is the darwin and darwin experiment
They observed the bending of seedlings towards sunlight. They used tips and tranparent tips.
what was the conclusion for Darwin and Darwin experiment
the tip of the seedling detcts light and sends a signal down to the stem to control growth
what type of signal control stem growth
mobile chemical
what is the boysen jenson expiriment conclusion
the signal is a mobile chemical because it passes through the gelatin block but not through the mica block
frits went experiment conclusion
The chemical messenger that makes the cells on the darker side longer is called auxin.
what is gravitropism
is the plants repsonce to gravity
