Bio 20: Section 3.2 Flashcards
what is the practice of classifying organisms called?
taxonomy
what is the system that is used to name organisms called?
binomial nomenclature
who was the earliest person known to attempt to classify animals?
Aristotle
what invention might have caused problems for Aristotle’s classification methods?
the microscope
what are the 6 kingdoms?
archea
bacteria
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia
what are the two prokaryotic kingdoms?
archea & bacteria
what is the difference between the two kingdoms?
archea live in extreme env. (extremophiles)
what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic?
prokaryotic lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic have a nucleus
what can plantae and animalia not be, but protista and fungi can be?
unicellular
what are examples of protista?
algae, protozoa, euglena, amoeba
what are examples of fungi?
mushrooms, yeast, molds
what are examples of plantae?
mosses, ferns, flowering plants, trees
what are examples of animalia?
insects, mammals, birds fish
which of the kingdoms are sessile?
fungi & plantae
which of the kingdoms can photosynthesize, ingest, or decompose their food?
protista
which of the kingdoms is a decomposer?
fungi
true/false: eukaryotic have the ability to be multicellular
true
which of the kingdoms have complex and specialized cells?
plantae & animalia
how many domains are there?
3
prokaryotic/eukaryotic: reproduce asexually
prokaryotic
a tail
flagella
archaea/bacteria: heterotrophic by absorption
bacteria (archaea sometimes)
archaea/bacteria: autotrophic by chemosynthesis
both
archaea/bacteria: move by flagella
bacteria
archaea/bacteria: unique rRNA base sequence
archaea
archaea/bacteria: distinctive plasma membrane & cell wall chemistry
archaea
why is latin used for classification?
b/c of its unchanging nature (dead lang.)
Linnaeus suggested a 2 name system to simplify an organism’s classification, called…
binomial nomenclature
what are the 8 categories of classification?
domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what are the features of bionomial nomenclature?
first word is capitalized
there’s a space b/w words
the whole name is italicized
in Latin
what is the formation of binomial nomenclature?
Genus species (italicized)
to figure out the name of an unknown specimen, a recipe-like series of steps is used: ___________________ ______
dichotomous key
what are the 2 statements in a step of a dichotomous key?
either THIS or THAT (based on physical appearance)
what does “nucleus” mean in latin?
karyo
what does “early” mean in latin
pro
what does “eu” mean in english?
true
