BIO....

Question 1

• Earth has been around for billions of years and the way that scientists make an estimate is through the
• refers to a system of dating the history of Earth in a chronological manner using geological data.

Answer 1

geologic time scale

Question 2

The geologic time scale is divided into

Answer 2

eons, eras, periods, and epochs.

Question 3

refer to the greatest expanse of time

Answer 3

Eon

Question 4

Eon can be divided into

Answer 4

Phanerozoic and Precambrian eons.

Question 5

means ‘visible life’ that was constructed through rock units that bear abundant fossils.

Answer 5

Phanerozoic eon

Question 6

represents the period between the birth of the planet and the appearance of life forms.

Answer 6

Precambrian eon

Question 7

are the shortest subdivision unit in the Earth’s geologic time scale that is characterized by the changes in life forms and may vary from continent to continent.

Answer 7

Epochs

Question 8

Phanerozoic eon can be divided into three eras:

Answer 8

Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

Question 9

age of invertebrates

Answer 9

Paleozoic era

Question 10

age of reptiles

Answer 10

Mesozoic era

Question 11

age of mammals

Answer 11

Cenozoic era

Question 12

Paleozoic era is divided into periods:

Answer 12

Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian periods.

Question 12

Mesozoic era is divided into eras:

Answer 12

Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous.

Question 13

Cenozoic era is divided into eras:

Answer 13

tertiary (also sometimes referred to in terms of Paleogene and Neogene period) and quaternary.

Question 14

• First fish
• First chordates (animal with backbone)

Answer 14

Cambrian

Question 15

Major diversification of animal life

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Ordovician

Question 16

first vascular plants

Answer 16

Silurian

Question 17

First reptiles, trees, seed ferns

Answer 17

Carboniferous

Question 18

Major extinction, reptiles diversity

Answer 18

Permian

Question 19

First mammals, First Dinosaurs

Answer 19

Triassic

Question 20

First birds, dinosaurs diversity

Answer 20

Jurassic

Question 21

Extinction of dinosaurs, first primates, first flowering flower

Answer 21

Cretaceous

Question 22

Mammal diversity

Answer 22

Tertiary

Question 23

Human evolution

Answer 23

Quaternary

Question 24

theories regarding the origin of life on Earth started during the

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16th century in Europe

Question 25

states the idea that life comes from lifeless or nonliving material through a mysterious process.

Answer 25

theory of spontaneous generation

Question 26

is the process by which life emerges naturally from inanimate or nonliving materials. T

Answer 26

Abiogenesis

Question 27

a Greek philosopher in the 6th century BCE.

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Anaximander

Question 28

expanded Anaximander’s idea

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Aristotle

Question 29

shows his experiment that proves the validity of spontaneous generation.

Answer 29

John Needham (1748)

Question 30

disproved the spontaneous generation theory

Answer 30

Louis Pasteur

Question 31

suggests that building blocks of life came from another planet

Answer 31

theory of panspermia (exogenesis)

Question 32

introduced this idea in the 19th century, where he mentioned that life on Earth was seeded from a celestial source

Answer 32

Fred Hoyle

Question 33

most convincing theories regarding the origin of life is the

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primordial soup theory

Question 34

Electrical Discharge Experiment

Answer 34

Stanley Miller and Harold Urey

Question 35

Thermal Synthesis Experiment

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Sidney Walter Fox i

Question 36

microscopic globules called

Answer 36

protenoid microspheres

Question 37

spherical materials that looked like cells, and even multiplied through division like true cells.

Answer 37

protocells

Question 38

protocell experiment

Answer 38

Jack Szostak

Question 39

One of the earliest known evidence of life on Earth includes the

Answer 39

stromatolite fossils

Question 40

Stromatolites are layered columns of sedimentary rocks formed through the growth of

Answer 40

cyanobacteria

Question 41

that may represent potential biotic life dated 4.1 billion-year-old were collected in Western Australia.

Answer 41

microbial mat (primitive microbial colony)

Question 42

multicellular

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eukaryotes

Question 43

The most advanced form of animals such as vertebrates or animals with backbones first appeared at 525 million years ago during the

Answer 43

e Cambrian explosion