Bias and Prejudice

Question 1

a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea
or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded, or unfair.

Answer 1

Bias

Question 2

a repeating or basic misstep in thinking, assessing, recollecting, or other cognitive processes. Leads to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality

Answer 2

Cognitive Bias

Question 3

a psychological heuristic that describes the propensity to rely on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions.

Answer 3

Anchoring

Question 4

300
1000 to 300

That’s like free money!

Answer 4

Anchoring Effect

Question 5

can happen when individuals assess or attempt to discover explanations behind their own and others’ behaviors.

Answer 5

Attribution Bias

Question 6

Employee running late from work because of traffic but boss thinks it’s because he woke up late.

Answer 6

Attribution Bias

Question 7

is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it.

Answer 7

Confirmation Bias

Question 8

Six Nine Image

Answer 8

Confirmation Bias

Question 9

involves the social construction of social phenomena by mass media sources, political or social movements, political leaders, and so on. It is an influence over how people organize, perceive, and communicate about reality.

Answer 9

Framing

Question 10

Frozen Yogurt 20% Fat
Frozen Yogurt 80% Fat Free

Customer chooses Frozen Yogurt 80% Fat Free

Answer 10

Framing Effect

Question 11

when an observer’s overall impression of a person, organization, brand, or
product influences their feelings about specifics of that entity’s character or properties.

Answer 11

Halo Effect

Question 12

He has such luxurious fur, I bet he is a really good boy but in truth he is a devil.

Answer 12

Halo Effect

Question 13

It is the propensity to credit accomplishment to our own capacities and endeavors, yet
attribute failure to outside factors, to dismiss the legitimacy of negative criticism, concentrate on positive qualities and accomplishments.

Answer 13

Self-Serving Bias

Question 14

is an emotional bias; a preference for the current state of affairs.

Answer 14

Status Quo Bias

Question 15

I am right; Me too

Answer 15

Self-Serving Bias

Question 16

Would you like a shovel?
But I’m already using a spoon.

Answer 16

Status Quo Bias

Question 17

when a person or association has intersecting interests (financial, personal, etc.) which could potentially corrupt.

Answer 17

Conflicts of Interest

Question 18

giving of money, goods or other forms of recompense to in order to influence the recipient’s behavior.

Answer 18

Bribery

Question 19

refers to a pattern of favoring members of one’s in-group over out-group members. This can be expressed in evaluation of others, in allocation of resources, and in many other ways.

Answer 19

Favoritism

Question 20

is the tendency to prefer one gender over another. It is a form of unconscious bias, or implicit bias, which occurs when one individual unconsciously attributes certain attitudes and stereotypes to another person or group of people.

Answer 20

Gender Bias

Question 21

is prejudgment, or forming an opinion before becoming aware of the relevant facts of a case. The word is often used to refer to preconceived, usually unfavorable, judgments toward people or a person because of gender, political opinion, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race/ethnicity, language, nationality, or other personal characteristics.

Answer 21

Prejudice

Question 22

is the stereotyping and/or discrimination against individuals or groups on the basis of their age.

Answer 22

Ageism

Question 23

is discrimination on the basis of social class. It includes attitudes that benefit the upper class at the expense of the lower class, or vice versa.

Answer 23

Classism

Question 24

refers to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination on the basis of physical attractiveness, or more generally to people whose appearance matches cultural preferences.

Answer 24

Lookism

Question 25

consists of ideologies based on a desire to dominate or a belief in the inferiority of another race.

Answer 25

Racism

Question 26

A discrimination based on a person’s sex or gender. It has been linked to
stereotypes and gender roles, and may include the belief that one sex or gender is intrinsically superior to another.

Answer 26

Sexism