Beta-lactams Flashcards
what type of inhibitor
cell wall synthesis inhibitor
where does beta lactams antibiotic take place
cell wall
what are the 4 common beta-lactams
penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams
what is the mechanism of action for beta lactams
prevent cross linking of peptigoglycan
what is the mechanism of resistance for beta-lactams
enzymatic degradation via beta-lactamases
activity is optimized by
increasing time over min. inhibit concentration
( T>MIC)
penicillin is most reliable for
Group A and B streptococcus
what are some adverse reactions of penicillin
GI upset
Hypersensitivity reactions
Coombs+hemolytic anemia
What are aminopenicillins used for
Haemophilus influenza
e.coli
salmonella
What are the three penicillinase resistant drugs
oaxicillin, nafcillin,dicloxacillin
when are the Penicillanse resistant drugs given
MMSA activity
piperacillin is a
anti-psuedomonal
piperacillin is used for
pesudomonas aeruginosa
do not use what for ESBL? what will it cause?
Piperacillin
increased mortality
what are two first generation cephalosporins
cephalexin
cefazolin
which first gen celphalosporins are PO and IV
PO= cephalexin
IV= Cefazolin
which first gen celphalosporins are less susceptable to
penicillinases
first gen celphalosporins are used for
staphyloccoccus and strep spp and E.coli
what are two 2nd generation cephalosporins
Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin
which 2nd generation of cephalosporins are PO and IV
po= cefuroxime
IV = cefoxitin
2nd generation of cephalosporins are …than first generation
less reliable staphyl activity but improved Gram negative
3rd gen cephalosporins what are the two
Cefdinir
ceftriaxone
3rd gen have what activity
some psuedomonal activity
4th and 5th gen cephalosporins are
cefepime and ceftaroline
what are the broadest gram neg coverage of beta-latams
Carbapenems
what is the activity of Aztreonam
only gram neg activity and the only monobactam
