Beta-lactams

Question 1

what type of inhibitor

Answer 1

cell wall synthesis inhibitor

Question 2

where does beta lactams antibiotic take place

Answer 2

cell wall

Question 3

what are the 4 common beta-lactams

Answer 3

penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams

Question 4

what is the mechanism of action for beta lactams

Answer 4

prevent cross linking of peptigoglycan

Question 5

what is the mechanism of resistance for beta-lactams

Answer 5

enzymatic degradation via beta-lactamases

Question 6

activity is optimized by

Answer 6

increasing time over min. inhibit concentration
( T>MIC)

Question 7

penicillin is most reliable for

Answer 7

Group A and B streptococcus

Question 8

what are some adverse reactions of penicillin

Answer 8

GI upset
Hypersensitivity reactions
Coombs+hemolytic anemia

Question 9

What are aminopenicillins used for

Answer 9

Haemophilus influenza
e.coli
salmonella

Question 10

What are the three penicillinase resistant drugs

Answer 10

oaxicillin, nafcillin,dicloxacillin

Question 11

when are the Penicillanse resistant drugs given

Answer 11

MMSA activity

Question 12

piperacillin is a

Answer 12

anti-psuedomonal

Question 13

piperacillin is used for

Answer 13

pesudomonas aeruginosa

Question 14

do not use what for ESBL? what will it cause?

Answer 14

Piperacillin
increased mortality

Question 15

what are two first generation cephalosporins

Answer 15

cephalexin
cefazolin

Question 16

which first gen celphalosporins are PO and IV

Answer 16

PO= cephalexin
IV= Cefazolin

Question 17

which first gen celphalosporins are less susceptable to

Answer 17

penicillinases

Question 18

first gen celphalosporins are used for

Answer 18

staphyloccoccus and strep spp and E.coli

Question 19

what are two 2nd generation cephalosporins

Answer 19

Cefuroxime
Cefoxitin

Question 20

which 2nd generation of cephalosporins are PO and IV

Answer 20

po= cefuroxime
IV = cefoxitin

Question 21

2nd generation of cephalosporins are …than first generation

Answer 21

less reliable staphyl activity but improved Gram negative

Question 22

3rd gen cephalosporins what are the two

Answer 22

Cefdinir
ceftriaxone

Question 23

3rd gen have what activity

Answer 23

some psuedomonal activity

Question 24

4th and 5th gen cephalosporins are

Answer 24

cefepime and ceftaroline

Question 25

what are the broadest gram neg coverage of beta-latams

Answer 25

Carbapenems

Question 26

what is the activity of Aztreonam

Answer 26

only gram neg activity and the only monobactam