Beta agonists + Indirect acting sympathomimetics + DA Flashcards
isoproterenol effects on blood pressure
decrease due to B2 vasodilation of skeletal muscle
isoproterenol effect on HR
decreased BP causes reflexive increase in HR
large doses of isoproterenol cause
tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias
isoproterenol is used for
emergency MI and complete heart block
B1 agonist with some effect on alpha receptors
Dobutamine
dobutamine half life and dosing
2 minutes, continuous infusion
dobutamine cardiac effects
- positive inotropic effect
- increases CO
- increases contractility
dobutamine is used for
cardiac stress tests if pt can’t exercise
continuous IV dobutamine is used to
increase CO in cardiogenic shock and CHF
patients with a history of htn + dobutamine _____
counteract this by _______
increased BP and HR
slow down the infusion
selective B2 agonists (2)
Terbutaline
Albuterol
B2 agonists (Terbutaline, Albuterol) treat
asthma
B2 agonist (Terbutaline, Albuterol) side effect, esp if given oral
HA, tachycardia, tremor
B3 adrenergic receptor agonists
mirabegron
mirabegron treats
overactive bladder
mirabegron side effects
N/D/C, HA, htn, dizziness, sinus tachycardia
low doses of dopamine
- activate D1 receptors –> increased blood to kidneys
2. dilate mesenteric and coronary arteries
high doses of dopamine have effects similar to
epinephrine due to release of NE —> a1
higher concentrations of dopamine stimulate _____ in the heart, causing ______
B1
positive inotropic and chonotropic effect
side effects of DA
N/V, HA, tachycardia, angina, arrhythmia, peripheral vasoconstriction
selective D1 receptor agonist
fenoldopam
main use for fenoldopam
rapid decrease of BP in severe HTN by dilating vascular beds
amphetamine MOA
indirect acting sympathomimetic increases release of NE and DA, esp in CNS
Amphetamine is a
CNS stimulant
bad effects of amphetamine at high doses
cerebral hemorrhage
convulsions
coma
ADHD drug similar MOA to amphetamine
methylphenidate
cocaine MOA
inhibits reuptake of DA and NE into nerve terminals
shorter acting and more intense than amphetamine
cocaine can cause
htn, stroke (healthy young adults)
MI, arrhythmias, psychosis
clincal use for cocaine
vasoconstrict and anesthetize before nose surgery
tyramine MOA
indirect acting
increases release of catecholamines from nerve terminals
displaces NE from vesicles, forms false transmitter octopamine
octopamine
the false neurotranmitter tyramine creates
because tyramine forms octopamine, ______ occurs to effects of tyramine
tachyphylaxis
why isn’t tyramine absorbed orally
hydrolyzed by monamine oxidase in GI tract and liver
treatment for depression with monamine oxidase inhibitor + tyramine
tyramine might actually get absorbed causing severe hypertensive crisis