Benzodiazepines Flashcards
Valium
Name
Diazepam
Valium
Class
Antianxiety, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, sedative
Valium
Description
Valium is a benzodiazepine sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant that reduces tremors, induces amnesia and reduces the incidence and recurrence of seizures. It relaxes muscle spasms in orthopedic injuries and produces amnesia for painful procedures (cardioversion)
Valium
Indications
Major motor seizures, status epilepticus, premedication prior to cardioversion, muscle tremors due to injury, and acute anxiety
Valium
Contraindications
shock, coma, acute alcoholism, depressed vital signs, obstetric patients, neonates
Valium
Precautions
Psychoses, depression, myasthenia gravis, due to short half life of drug, seizure activity may return
Valium
Dosage/Route
Seizures: 5-10 mg IV/IM. Acute Anxiety: 2-5 mg IV/IM
Pedi: 0.5-2mg IV/PR
Premedication: 5-15 mg IV
Pedi: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV
Versed
Name
Midazolam
Versed
Class
Sedative
Versed
Description
Midazolam is a short acting benzodiazepine with CNS depressant, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and anterograde amnestic effects
Versed
Indications
To induce sedation before cardioversion or intubation, seizures
Versed
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, narrow angle glaucoma, shock, coma, or acute alcohol intoxication
Versed
Precautions
COPD, renal impairment, CHF, elderly
Versed
Dose/Route
1-5 mg slow IV/IM; 3mg IN
Pedi: 0.05-0.2mg/kg IV: 0.1-0.15mg/kg IM
Ativan
Name
Lorazepam
Ativan
Class
Sedative
Ativan
Description
Lorazepam is the most potent benzodiazepine available. It has strong antianxiety, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties and a relatively short half-life
Ativan
Indications
Sedation for cardioversion and status epilepticus
Ativan
Contraindications
Sensitivity to benzodiazepines
Ativan
Precautions
Narrow angle glaucoma, depression or psychosis, coma, shock, acute alcohol intoxication, renal or hepatic impairment, organic brain syndrome, myasthenia gravis, GI disorders, elderly, debilitated, limited pulmonary reserve
Ativan
Dose/Route
Sedation: 2-4 mg IM, 0.5-2mg IV
Pedi: 0.03-0.5 mg/kg IV/IM/PR up to 4 mg
Status epilepticus: 1-2 mg slow IV/PR (2mg/min)
Pedi: 0.1mg/kg slow IV/PR (2-5 min)
