BehAvourist approach Flashcards
What are the two types of conditioning
There is operant and classical conditioning
What are the main assumptions of classical conditions
Behaviour is learnt( nature v nurture) and behaviour can be observed and mea sured, born with a blank slate so no genetic influence
What is the defenition for extinction I’m classical conditioning
The conditioned response dies out
What is the definition of spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning
Where the conditioned response disappears but then is recovered and appears again
What is the definition of generalisation in classical condition
Conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus is presented
What Is the definition of discrimination
Conditioned stimulus is produced with only a specific stimulus is presented
What was thorndikes research with operant conditioning
He designed a puzzle box for a cat, the cat had to pull a latch to lift a door to escape, after it Was first place it was unable to escape , flashes of insight and trial and error
What happened with the cat in thorndikes research
Became quicker at pulling the latch to open the door as the positive consequence or reward was food
What is the NS
NS = neutral stimulus
What is the UCR
UCR= unconditioned response
What is the UCS
UCS= unconditioned response
What is the CR
CR= conditioned response
What is the CS
CS= conditioned stimulus
What was pavlovs research
He researched learning through association and investigated the salivatory effect in dogs
What is the NS, UCR,UCS,CR,CS in pavlovas research
NS= bell
UCR=salivation
UCS=Food touching the tongue
CR=salivation
CS= bell
What is the before , during , after process in Pavlov
Before- inate , natural , food ( UCS) caused dog to salivate (UCR) , no response to bell ( NS)
During - food(UCS) + bell(NS) = salivation(UCR)
After - bell (CR)—> salivate (CR
What is operant conditioning
Behaviour is shaped through reinforcement and maintained by its consequences
What is positive reinforcement
Encouraging behaviour to be repeated with an reward
What is negative reinforcement
Encouraging behaviour to be avoided with a negative consequence
What is punishment
Decreases behaviour from being repeated, can be ineffective as it’s not a direct consequence
Who was BF skinner
Psychologist who created skinners rat box with his research with the rat
What was skinners research
His research was with a rat where the positive reinforcement was pressing A lever to receive food, the negative reinforcement was the rat had to press the lever tp stop the electric shocks then towards the end it’s punishment was it got shocked when it touched the lever
