behavorismo

Question 1

What is behaviorism in psychology?

Answer 1

Behaviorism is a psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment in shaping behavior.

Question 2

True or False: Behaviorism focuses on internal mental states.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Who is considered the founder of behaviorism?

Answer 3

John B. Watson

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Behaviorism argues that all behaviors are acquired through _____ and _____.

Answer 4

conditioning; reinforcement

Question 5

What are the two main types of conditioning in behaviorism?

Answer 5

Classical conditioning and operant conditioning

Question 6

Which psychologist is known for his work on classical conditioning?

Answer 6

Ivan Pavlov

Question 7

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 7

Operant conditioning is a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Question 8

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement? A) Giving a child a cookie for doing homework B) Taking away a toy for misbehavior C) Ignoring a behavior

Answer 8

A) Giving a child a cookie for doing homework

Question 9

What is the main focus of behavior modification?

Answer 9

Behavior modification focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors through reinforcement and punishment.

Question 10

True or False: Behaviorism dismisses the importance of genetics in behavior.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Fill in the blank: In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus becomes a _____ stimulus after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.

Answer 11

conditioned

Question 12

What is a key criticism of behaviorism?

Answer 12

A key criticism is that it ignores mental processes and emotions.

Question 13

Who developed the concept of the Skinner Box?

Answer 13

B.F. Skinner

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which term describes a stimulus that naturally triggers a response? A) Conditioned stimulus B) Unconditioned stimulus C) Neutral stimulus

Answer 14

B) Unconditioned stimulus

Question 15

What role does reinforcement play in behaviorism?

Answer 15

Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Question 16

True or False: Punishment always leads to the desired behavioral change.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Fill in the blank: In operant conditioning, _____ reinforcement strengthens a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus.

Answer 17

negative

Question 18

What is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers?

Answer 18

Primary reinforcers satisfy basic needs, while secondary reinforcers are learned and associated with primary reinforcers.

Question 19

Who is known for the theory of social learning, which incorporates behaviorism?

Answer 19

Albert Bandura

Question 20

Multiple Choice: What is an example of vicarious reinforcement? A) Watching a friend get rewarded for good behavior B) Receiving a reward for your own behavior C) Feeling guilty for a wrong action

Answer 20

A) Watching a friend get rewarded for good behavior

Question 21

What is the role of extinction in behaviorism?

Answer 21

Extinction occurs when a previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced, leading to a decrease in that behavior.

Question 22

True or False: Behaviorism has no application in therapy.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The process of reinforcing successive approximations to a desired behavior is called _____.

Answer 23

shaping

Question 24

What does the term ‘generalization’ refer to in behaviorism?

Answer 24

Generalization refers to the tendency for a conditioned response to occur in response to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus.