behaviourism Flashcards
what do behaviourists believe
that all behaviour is learnt and that it is influenced by the environment via conditioning
what are the 2 types of conditioning
classical conditioning and operant conditioning
what was pavlovs research
he showed that dogs learned to associate the sound of the bell with the food and would produce the salivation response every time the heard the sound
what is learning through association
at the start the CS doesn’t cause a response by itself. after conditioning the UCS eventually causes the dog to salivate in just the bell response
what is a stimulus
something that exists in the surrounding or that is presented
what is a response
how the animal responds to the stimulus
what is a neutral stimulus
an event that doesn’t produce a response
what is a unconditioned stimulus
an event that produces an innate unlearned reflex response
what is an unconditioned response
an innate unlearned reflex behaviour that is produced when exposed to an unconditioned stimulus
what is a conditioned stimulus
an event that produces a learned response
what is a conditioned response
a learned behaviour that is produced when exposed to a conditioned stimulus
what is timing key feature in classical conditioning
if NS cannot be used to predict UCS the conditioning doesn’t take place (gap between the two stimuli is too long)
what is spontaneous recovery key feature in classical conditioning
if the CS and UCS are then aired together the link between them is made much more quickly
what is extinction key feature in classical conditioning
unlike UCR the CR doesn’t become permanently established as a response. After a few presentations of CS in the absence of UCS it loses the ability to produce the CR
what is stimulus generalisation key feature in classical conditioning
once an animal has been conditioned they will also respond to others stimuli that are similar to the CS
