Behavioural Perspective Flashcards

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1
Q

What developmental studies link with the behavioural perspective??

A

Bandura and Chaney et al.

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2
Q

What are the three main assumptions of the behavioural perspective??

A

Behaviour is observed.
We are products of our environment.
We acquire our behaviour through learning.

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3
Q

How do you behaviourists make psychology seem a science??

A

They ignore the mind and focus on behaviour as you can not see directly into the mind and good science requires that you should study what can only be seen.

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4
Q

What is the black box theory??

A

Behaviourists treat the mind as a closed box as we learn behaviour through stimulus and response.

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5
Q

Does behaviourists take the nature or nurture side of the debate??

A

The nurture side as it believes that behaviour is caused by environmental influences.

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6
Q

What are the three types of conditioning??

A

Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning.

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7
Q

What is operant conditioning??

A

Learning by the consequences of actions e.g positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.

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8
Q

what is observational learning??

A

The observer imitates behaviour modelled by another individual =social learning theory.

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9
Q

Social learning theory??

A

Observation of role model, vicarious reinforcement, mental representation, self efficacy, imitation, Direct reinforcement and repetition.

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10
Q

Strengths of the behavioural perspective??

A

Scientific - involves studies such as Bandura which are lab experiments and therefore highly reliable.
Easily testable because by concern easily observed behaviour.
Practical applications - behaviourism is used in the real world, E.g. to treat mental disorders (classical) and to modify behaviour (operant).

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11
Q

Weaknesses of behavioural perspective??

A

Reductionist - it ignores mental processes and just focuses on stimulus and response. For example:
There are many aspects of human aggression including biological, cognitive (situation) and social. Aggression is not just a learned response.
Raises ethical issues - altering human behaviour can cause harm.
The use of punishment can cause psychological and physical harm.

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