Behaviour in social and cultural context

Question 1

Social norms

Answer 1

everyday rules in a society

Question 2

social roles

Answer 2

rules in positions in a society

Question 3

culture

Answer 3

the rules in the various communities that we participate in

Question 4

milgram experiment

Answer 4

• predicted people would stop at 150 volts and that only 1/1000 would go to the end but
• 2/3 of all participants went all the way to the top 450 volts

Question 5

Zimbardo’s prison experiment

Answer 5

• was supposed to last 2 weeks but was stopped after 6 days because of ethical implications

Question 6

why do people obey?

Answer 6

• allocating responsibility of their actions to the authority
• routinizing task
• wanting to be polite
• becoming entrapped

Question 7

social cognition

Answer 7

social influences on thoughts, memory, perception, other cognitive processes

Question 8

attribution theory

Answer 8

tells us that our attributions fall into either dispositional attribution or situational

Question 9

dispositional attribution

Answer 9

good people do good things, evil people do evil things

Question 10

situational attribution

Answer 10

good people can do evil things depending on the situation

Question 11

fundamental attribution error

Answer 11

overestimate disposition & underestimate the influence of situation

Question 12

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 12

• having two beliefs that contradict each other

- our of a psychological need to maintain consistency among your beliefs you may want to change one of them

Question 13

what is a good example of an experiment showing conformity?

Answer 13

the ash experiment where participants had to decide which line was longest but there were confederates who skewed the data to get other participants to sy the wrong answer

Question 14

group think

Answer 14

thinking as a group like a cult and not thinking for yourself right from wrong

Question 15

genotype

Answer 15

make up of a cell, organism or individual

Question 16

phenotype

Answer 16

organisms observable characteristics or traits such as biochemical or physiological properties, behaviour and product of behaviour

Question 17

ethnocentrism

Answer 17

belief that your own culture, nation or religion is superior to others

Question 18

stereotypes

Answer 18

summary impression of a group when you believe that all members of a group share common traits (can be positive, negative or neutral)

Question 19

prejudice

Answer 19

strong, unreasonable dislike or hatred of a group based on a negative stereotype not eveidence

Question 20

what are the 4 sections of causes for prejudice

Answer 20

1) psychological
2) social
3) economic causes
4) cultural/national