Behaviorism and Cognitivism

Question 1

Who was the first British associationist?

Answer 1

David Hartley

Question 2

What was the earliest idea of associationism?

Answer 2

Vibrating nerves give rise to action

Question 3

Bains psychological parallelism suggests that mind and body occur together without _____________

Answer 3

a causal relationship

Question 4

Bain also developed the ideas of ___________ of actions, and __________ of actions

Answer 4

hedonism
Voluntarism

Question 5

Thorndike’s law of _____________________________________ refers to the idea that occurrence of an association strengthens the connection , and vice versa for less occurrent associations.

Answer 5

laws of exercise and disuse

Question 6

Thorndikes law of _____________________________________ refers to the idea that actions are more likely to be repeated if followed by a satisfying state of affairs

Answer 6

laws of effect

Question 7

Pavlov was said to be one of the first key _______________

Answer 7

behaviourists

Question 8

Methodological behaviourism refers to the idea that _________________, whereas psychological behaviourism is the idea that __________________

Answer 8

Method = psychologists should study behaviour
Psych = psychology should be the study of behaviour

Question 9

Philosophical/logical behaviourism encompasses the idea that language about mental states are simply _____________________

Answer 9

behavioural dispositions

Question 10

Watson studied fear conditioning in his _______ _______ study?

Answer 10

Little Albert

Question 11

Watson’s three classifications of behaviour were what?

Answer 11

Somatic acquired (habits)
Somatic hereditary (instincts)
visceral acquired (emotions)

Question 12

The drive redcution theory equation is sER =

Answer 12

sHr x D

Question 13

Tolman’s methodology and theories can be known as a form of ____________

Answer 13

cognitive behaviourism

Question 14

What are the three main issues with behaviourism?

Answer 14

Genetics
Phylogenic continuity issues
Instinctive drift

Question 15

Cognitivism is said to have arose due to a dissatisfaction of studying __________,when they should be instead studying ____________

Answer 15

behaviour
mental processes

Question 16

Gestalt psychology rejected the __________ hypothesis as well as the ________ hypothesis

Answer 16

Bundle and constancy

Question 17

What are the two main Gestalt laws?

Answer 17

Law of Pragnanz
Phi and Beta (perception /=/ reality)

Question 18

What are the 5 sub laws of Gestalt objects?

Answer 18

Similarity
Closure
Proximity
Symmetry
Continuity

Question 19

Gestalt psychology used examples of ______________ to show how we perceive objects
A Normal Shapes B Illusions C Old photographs D Films of moving objects

Answer 19

B Ilusions

Question 20

Both Bartlett and Craik looked to study the role of_______________, steering from behaviourism

Answer 20

internal representations

Question 21

Piaget differed from behaviourist theories of learning, suggesting that the learner is __________ not______________

Answer 21

active not passive

Question 22

The Turing test involves a third party telling the difference between a ___________ and a ___________

Answer 22

Real person vs computer

Question 23

Weiner is popular for inventing __________, which gave rise to terms such as input and ________ in cognitive psychology

Answer 23

Cybernetics
Input and output

Question 24

The computational theory of mind compares the brain to __________, and the mind to ___________

Answer 24

brain = hardware
mind = software

Question 25

Chomsky pointed out behaviourisms failings in _____________

Answer 25

language learning

Question 26

Chomsky argued that when learning language, we have something called a ______________ _______________ __________

Answer 26

language acquisition device

Question 27

True or false, Chomsky’s work defined the end of behaviourism, and the start of the cognitive revolution

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Miller’s work on ____________ is said to be one of the earliest studies in the new cognitive paradigm

Answer 28

memory chunking