BDAE

Question 1

Conversational & Expository Speech

Answer 1

1) Simple Social Responses: interview questions that can be answered with elementary response phrases (yes/no, ok/fine, hope so..)
2) Free conversation: ~3 min, vital for characterizing speech output patterns, shows client’s expression with familiar, rote topics (illness, family, word, pastimes, etc.), are they on topic, tangential, non-specific, too specific??
3) Picture Description (Cookie Theft): good to see if visual stimuli will prompt (or constrain) the client with regard to their speech production
4) Aesop’s Fable: portion of extended testing: a more extensive sample of a free narrative, subtest contains a series of cartoon-strip stories, based on 4 Aesop Fables. After listening to the examiner read the explanation of each picture, the patient is asked to RETELL the story in his/her own words.

• During these subtest it is important to assess the client’s speech based on 6 characteristics (=Rating Scale Profile of Speech Characteristics)
  a) Melodic Line
  b) Phrase Length
  c) Articulatory Agility
  d) Grammatical Form
  e) Paraphasias
  f) Word Finding (1=fluent without content, 7=speech exclusively content words)
• Based on a 1-7 point scale (1=most impaired, 7=minimum abnormality)

Question 2

Basic Word Discrimination:

Answer 2

Auditory Comprehension test!

MC, auditory-word recognition test

Looks at 6 semantic categories (objects, geometric forms, letters, actions, numbers, colors) –> allows opportunity to observe impairment of word categories

Begins with first pointing to body parts, then point to the correct picture of the word the examiner speakers (FO4)

Question 3

Commands

Answer 3

Auditory Comprehension subtest

Client has to follow the examiner’s oral commands of increasing complexity (multi-step, sentence level, use of objects)

Careful of limb apraxia (this would not allow pt to complete this measure, wouldn’t be impairment of aud comp)

Problem could be WM or attn…

Question 4

Complex Ideational Material

Answer 4

Auditory Comprehension subtest

Yes/no questions (“will a cork sink in water”)

Paragraph comprehension (Mr Jones train)

Requires pt to understand & express agreement/disagreement concerning factual material that does not relate to a stimulus immediately in view

Material increases in length and in demand for reference to knowledge or inferences beyond the mere recall of words

Question 5

Semantic Probe

Answer 5

Auditory Comprehension subtest (extended version)

Pt is shown a picture and is asked 6 yes/no questions about it and then is asked to name it

Question 6

Syntactic Processing

Answer 6

Auditory Comprehension subtest (extended version)

a) Touching A with B: “touch the spoon with the knife”
b) Reversible Possessives: “in this picture which one is the ship’s captain”
c) Embedded Sentences: pick 1 of 4 pics that matches the sentence the clinician provides

Question 7

Auditory Lexical Decision Task

Answer 7

Auditory Comprehension subtest (extended version)

Client is told words/non words and has to say whether the presented word is real or not (yes/no response format)

Question 8

Oral Agility

Answer 8

Oral Expression subtest

Assess motor control of the articulators by requiring iterated movements in both non-speech and speech modes

Nonverbal Agility

Verbal Agility

Question 9

Automatized Sequences

Answer 9

Oral Expression subtest

pt has to produce the entire sequence (i.e. days of the week, counting, etc.) in full

preservation of automatized sequences is often seen in cases of severe speech output problems

normalization of articulation in automatized speech would rule out dysarthria

someone with apraxia would do better on this because they’re overlearned phrases

aphasics could do better because its a highly context based task

Question 10

Repetition

Answer 10

Oral Expression subtest

a) Words
b) Non Word: Looks at bypass route (AAS–>PL)

c) Sentences: syntax, auditory memory/WM
* if agrammatic: may simplify grammar

*all with increasing length & complexity

Question 11

Responsive Naming

Answer 11

Naming subtest (oral expression)

client supplies 1 word response to stimulus questions

involves auditory comprehension

Question 12

Boston Naming Test

Answer 12

Visual confrontation naming task

Pt is asked to name items based on a visually presented stimulus

If pt is unable to independtly name the picture, a phonemic cue is given

If they are unable to name picture with phonemic cue, they are then provided with 4 choices in the form of written words on the back of the picture card

Question 13

Screening for Naming in Special Categories

Answer 13

Determines if the pt can name letters, numbers, colors

FO4 on each card

All items on each card are to be named before turning to the next card

Probing for category-specific impairments

Question 14

Basic Symbol Recognition

Answer 14

Reading subtest

Completely NONVERBAL subtest

Tests VAS

a) Matching letters across cases & scripts: upper/lower cases
b) Number matching: matching fingers to MC digits, matching digits to dot patterns, matching roman to arabic #

Question 15

Word Identification

Answer 15

Reading subtest

a) Picture Word Matching: target picture appears alongside a group of 4 words that includes the name of the target and semantic/structural distractors

b) Lexical Decision: req. pt to distinguish real English words from non-words that have plausible word-like spelling. Pt is shown 5 sets of 3 words each, pt has to point to the real words in each row. does NOT require the pt to demonstrate comp or pronunciation of the word, they simply have to identify familiar letter strings.
*this subtest may reveal that the pt has words in their graphic lexicon that can be recognized visually, but which do not arouse any sense of meaning
Tests: VIL

Question 16

Homophone Matching

Answer 16

A target word appears in the center of a line & words below it, one of which is a homophone

THIS IS A WRITTEN TEST ON BDAE!!

Pt has to identify homophone by pointing to it

“pt to the word that sounds like this word”

Sounds of words must be retrieved & compared

Tests VAS–>SOL

with this test, you cannot go through bypass route because you have irregularly spelled words in targets & choices

If do well on this test, then it lets us know that visual input/visual analysis/speech output lexicon are all intact because they can read irregularly spelled words and map orthography onto corr. phonology and have conceptual knowledge of what the word sounds like (VIL and SOL intact)

if dont do well on this test, there could be a problem anywhere along the route VAS–>SOL (so have many areas to look at)

Pt has to go straight to phonology for everything they are reading (don’t have to produce it)

Question 17

Oral Reading

Answer 17

Read words aloud, timed

words are of mod. freq.

Oral reading of special word lists:
a) Mixed morphological types: words in this subtest consist of an assortment of grammatical morphemes, derived words, & irregular verb forms. Good test for those who have had difficulty in the tests for grammatical & derived morphemes-Simple, high PGC, but not enough of a sample, really just a screen

b) Semantic paralexia-prone words: words chosen because they have strong connotative assoc. and are abstract nouns/verbs. This subtest is rec. when there is evidence of deep dyslexia

Question 18

Written Comprehension of Morphemes

Answer 18

Derivational & Inflectional Morphology

Test consists of 10 target items, all of which are grammatical morphemes of 5 different types. The target word is read aloud to the pt who is asked to find corresponding written word in a MC row of 5 words.

Match words presented visually

Which one is “sicken” options are “sicker, sickness, sickly, sick…”

looks at free, bound & derivational morphemes

look at AC first!!!!!!

good for test of deep dyslexia

Question 19

Oral Reading of Sentences with Comprehension

Answer 19

Simple narrative is presented in the form of sentences increasing length & increasing difficulty of vocab & syntax.

A short comprehension quiz is provided to look at the corr between oral reading ability & reading comprehension

Question 20

Sentence/Paragraph Comprehension

Answer 20

read a paragraph, then pick a response from MC (4 choices)

Question 21

Written Sentence Comprehension

Answer 21

client reads sentence to self and has to select the word that best completes the phrase

silent reading test (because demands of oral production could exacerbate/distract comprehension in some & auditory rehearsal may help comprehension in others)

May reveal lesion along direct lexical route

Question 22

Advanced Phonic Analysis/Pseudohomophone Matching

Answer 22

Matching real words to nonwords with the same pronunciation

e.g. “ocean” –> “oshun”

more difficult because pts can’t retrieve the sound of the homophone by recognizing it as a familiar word

requires use of bypass route and direct route?

Question 23

Mechanics of Writing

Answer 23

Writing subtest (route automatic info)

Write name (in print & in cursive) 
Write dictated letters
Write familiar abbreviations
Write full alphabet 
Copy sentence 
Write # 1-10 
Writing 6 # from dictation 

Looks at grapho-motor skills, graphomotor patterns

Question 24

Basic Encoding (Primer Words)

Answer 24

Requires writing to dictation

Makes increasing demands on written vocabulary and knowledge of phonics

a) Primer Word Vocab: 2-3 letter words @ 1st grade level (high phoneme-grapheme corr.)
* do well with this then they are good with high freq., monosyllabic, high PGC words
* we do not know if they are using bypass route or not though!

b) Regular Phonics: words with regular spellings and mod difficulty, accessed via direct or indirect route

c) Common Irregular Words: words no more than 4th grade difficultly, usually retrieved as a whole (**if pt regularizes spellings, this points to impairments in written word retrieval)
* small screen, but tells you if pt is going through direct lexical route (don’t use bypass route for common irregular words!!!)

d) Uncommon Irregular Words: spellings words from a carrier sentence (“The kind will reign for a long time.”)
e) Nonsense words: write each name with sounds, tells you if pt bypass route is intact
f) Sentence Dictation: write short sentences (simple active sentences)

Question 25

Written Picture Naming

Answer 25

Client sees a picture of items and is asked to write the name or action

nouns, verbs, animals

Poor performance could reflect poor semantic access and retrieval, not writing per say

Question 26

Narrative Writing

Answer 26

Cookie Theft pic in writing

For pts who need more structure in order to produce written sentences, a series of 5 questions relating the picture are provided

scored based on mechanic, written vocab, syntax, adequacy of content

Question 27

Do poorly on Matching Cases & Scripts tells you…

Answer 27

Peripheral system deficit, specifically VAS

Attentional dyslexia or neglect dyslexia do poorly on this