BCN Back of book questions Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are the 2 main types of cells in the CNS?
Astrocyte
Oligodendrocyte
Which cranial structure is a subdural hematoma located?
between dura and arachnoid membrane
Which cranial structure is cerebrospinal fluid located?
Sub-arachnoid space (between aracnoid membrane and pia matter
Where is an epidural hematoma located?
between dura and the bony wall of the cranial cavity
Which type of cell is most likely to involve a tumor originating from myelin-forming cells in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
What is a common route whereby viruses such as polio or rabies travel to the central nervous system?
Retrograde axonal transport
What is the cell most commonly associated with CNS system tumors?
Astrocytes
Hemorrhage of an artery on the surface of the brain will result in leakage of blood into what space?
Subarachnoid space
Patient complaining of weakness and fatigue during the day, has normal nerve conduction, but with repetitive nerve stimulation is followed by a progressive decrement i the amplitude of muscle contractions due to diminished muscle action potentials is likely to be suffering from what disease?
Myasthenia gravis
What does myasthenia gravis come from?
Abnormal postsynaptic response to acetylcholine
What are the contents of the spinal epidural space?
loose connective tissue
adipose tissue
internal vertebral venous plexus
What are the contents of the dural sac?
enlarged subarachnoid space full of:
CSF
lumbosacral nerve roots that form the cauda equina
At what intervertebral articulations are dislocations most likely to occur?
between CV5 and CV6
TV12 and LV1
CV1 and CV2
The C* nerve emerges between which of the following vertebrae?
CV7 and TV1
The disparity between spinal cord levels and vertebral levels in adults is due to what?
Differential growth or elongation of the spinal cord compared to the vertebral column during development
What do spinal denticulate ligaments serve as anatomical landmarks for?
Surgical lesions for treating intractable pain
Why might sacral sparing occur following a spinal cord injury?
spinal contusion will result in interior degeneration of the cord, but the peripheral white matter may remain functional
What is the difference between communicating and obstructive hydrocephalus?
Obstructive - blockage of CSF flow anywhere in ventricle system
Communicating - disruption of CSF flow through the subarachnoid space and cisterns or across the arachnoid villi
A CT of a 55-year old patient involved in an automobile accident revealed calcifications contained within an enlargement of the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricular atrium, the glomus. This structure is what?
Normal
Calcifications frequently appear as white spots in neuroimaging and are normal in the adult brain.
A bulge on the medial surface of the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle is formed by what?
calcarine fissure
An MRI of a 21-year-old male patient complaining of intense headaches reveals enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles but with a normal-appearing fourth ventricle. The headaches could be the result of an:
Obstructed cerebral aqueduct
A 62-year-old male patient with moderate dementia and abnormal involuntary movements undergoes an MRI. The MRI reveals enlargement of the lateral ventricles, especially the frontal horn, and shrinkage of the cortical sulci. The patient’s daughter reports that her father’s father displayed similar abnormal movements. The enlarged frontal horn is strongly suggestive of the patient having what disease?
Huntingtons
-Hereditary big clue
The synthesis and absorption of CSF is a dynamic process and is at equilibrium at rates of what?
450-600 mL/day
Which cranial nerves attach to the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain?
Forebrain = CN I, II Midbrain = CN III Hindbrain = rest of them (CN IV-originates in the midbrain but emerges from the superior medullary velum of the pons)
Where are the ventricles located?
Lateral are in forebrain
Third is in the diencephalon
4th is in the hindbrain
Cerebral aqueduct is in the midbrain
The internal medullary lamina separates which of the following thalamic nuclei?
anterior, lateral, and medial
Which of the following is the correct anatomic relationship of the regions or levels of the hypothalamus?
(E) none of the above
=hypothalamus consists of the chiasmatic, infudibular, tuberal, and mamillary regions or levels
The most uniform and prominent landmark on the lateral surfaces of the cerebral hemisphere is the?
lateral fissure
The paracentral lobule includes parts of what?
frontal and parietal lobes
The hypothalamic sulcus demarcates the:?
thalamus from the hypothalamus
Only 2 of the four subdivisions of the diencephalon can be seen on the surface of the brain. These are what?
epithalamus and hypothalamus
