BB pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
Mechanisms of opioid withdrawal
A
Upregulation of opioid peptide dynorphin
Activation of kappa opioid receptors –> reduces dopamine release
More drug needed to get the same effect
2
Q
Ecstasy targets
A
5-HT uptake system Dopamine uptake system 5-HT2 receptors H2 receptors a2 receptors
3
Q
Ecstasy toxicity
A
Raised body temperature DIC Rhadomyolysis Increased renal absorption of water Hyponatraemia Cerebral oedema
4
Q
Which drug to use for PD?
A
Mild = MAOb inhibitor Moderate = dopamine agonist Severe = L-Dopa +/- COMTI
5
Q
What chromsome is huntingtin found on?
A
4
6
Q
Where are neurones lost in Huntingdon’s disease?
A
Medium spiny neurones in the stiato-nigral and striato-pallidal pathway –> loss of indirect pathway relative to direct
7
Q
PAG pathway
A
Anterior cingulate cortex –> PAG
Amygdala –> PAG
PAG –> nucleus raphe magnus (5-HT and enkephlins) and LC (NA) –> dorsal horn
8
Q
Where do opioids act?
A
Excitatory - PAG - NRPG (nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis) Inhibitory - dorsal horn - peripheral nocioceptors
9
Q
Effects of opiates
A
Analgesia Respiratory depression Pupillary constriction Sedation Euphoria Hypotension
10
Q
First line treatment of neuropathic pain
A
Amitriptyline
Duloxetine (SNRI)
Gabapentin/pregabalin
11
Q
Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
A
Carbamazepine Baclofen Phenytoin Sodium valproate Clonazepam
