Basics of microbio Flashcards
branching filamentous bacteria; gram stain
gram positive branching filamentous bacteria: actinomyces and nocardia (weakly acid fast)
bacteria w/o cell wall
mycoplasma. do not gram stain. contain sterols instead
what is special about mycobacteria
contain mycolic acid and have high lipid content. gram positive acid fast bacteria.
What is a gram variable bacteria?
gardnerella. rod shaped.
What are some bugs with gram stain limitations
treponema (syphilis- too thin to be visualized), mycobacteria, mycoplasma, legionella pneumophilia (mostly intracellular), rickettsia (intracellular), and chlamydia (intracellular and lacking muramic acid)
test legionella with a silver stain; test treponemes with dark field microscopy and fluorescent antibody staining
What bugs must bee sen with Giemsa staining?
chlamydia, borrelia, rickettsiae, trypanosomes, plasmodium
PAS stain
stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides. used to diagnose Whipple disease (tropheryma whippleri)
Ziehl-Neelsen/carbol fuchsin stain
stains acid-fast organisms like nocardia and mycobacterium
india ink stain
cryptococcus neoformans
silver stain
fungi, legionella, helicobacter pyloir
chocolate agar with factor V (NAD+) and X (mehatin)
H. infuenzae
culture requirements for neisseria
VPN media (aka Thayer-Martin): vancomycin, polymyxin (inhbits other gram negatives), and nystatin (inhibits fungi)
culture requirements for B. pertussis
Bordet-Gengou agar
Culture requirements for C. diphtheriae
tellurite agar, loffler medium
Lowenstein-jenson agare
required for M. TB
