Basic Science Concepts Flashcards
1
Q
Substrate (or ligand)
A
A substance that creates a signal or produces an effect by binding to a receptor, enzyme, or transporter
2
Q
Endogenous
A
A substance that is produced by the body (such as a naturally-produced substrate)
3
Q
Exogenous
A
A substance that is produced outside of the body (such as a drug or other chemical)
4
Q
Agonist
A
A substance that combines with a receptor to initiate a reaction. Can be endogenous or exogenous (i.e. mimicking an endogenous substrate)
5
Q
Antagonist
A
A substance that reduces or blocks a reaction. Can be endogenous or exogenous.
6
Q
Induction
A
When a substance increases the activity of an enzyme
7
Q
Inhibition
A
When a substance decreases or blocks the activity of an enzyme
