Basic Principles Flashcards
What are the features of epithelial tissue?
Covers the whole surface of the body
Found in outer layer of skin, lining of body cavities, blood and lymph vessels
Some are specialised for secretion (e.g. Ducts and glands)
Protect exposed and internal surface from abrasion, dehydration and destruction by chemical or biological agents
They can proliferate to produce new cells when cells become damaged or worn
What are the features of connective tissue?
Essentially connects all of the epithelial tissue to the rest of the body
Has a connective and supportive function, and is thus the most widely distributed tissue type
Not normally exposed to the outside environment e.g. cartilage, tendon, fascia, blood
Many connective tissues are highly vascular and contain sensory receptors
What type of connective tissue is found in the:
a) tendons
b) blood
c) cartilage?
a) dense CT
b) fluid CT
c) supportive CT
What are the features of muscle tissue?
Specialised to contract and produce movement
Develops from the embryonic mesoderm
There are three types of muscle tissue; skeletal, smooth and cardiac
What is the function of:
a) skeletal muscle
b) cardiac muscle
c) smooth muscle?
a) Skeletal muscle can produce voluntary movement of the skeleton in the musculoskeletal system
b) Cardiac muscle acts to propel blood through the body in the cardiovascular system
c) Smooth muscle aids digestion and excretion in the gastrointestinal and urinary system
What are the features of nervous/neural tissue?
All nervous tissue develops from the embryonic ectoderm
Specialised for the conductive of electrical impulses from one region of the body to another
98% of nervous tissue is concentrated in the brain and spinal cord
What are the 3 germ layers and what position do they relate to?
ectoderm (ecto- = “outer”)
mesoderm (meso- = “middle”)
endoderm (endo- = “inner”)
Where is the thorax located?
Region between neck and abdomen
Separated from abdomen by diaphragm
Bony thoracic cage
Thoracic cavity
What is the abdomen and pelvis divided into?
Bounded above by diaphragm and below by pelvic diaphragm
Divided into abdominal cavity/abdomen proper and pelvic cavity
How are the upper and lower limbs attached to the trunk?
Upper limbs: via pectoral girdle
Lower limbs: via pelvic girdle
What is the lymphatic system and its function?
Lymph nodes: found in collections particularly in armpit (axilla), digestive system and groin and joined together by lymphatic vessels
Each node has fibrous capsule which extends inwards forming trabeculae/septae
Function: production of lymphocytes and collect and dispose of cell debris through lymph fluid into venous system
What is the thoracic duct?
The largest lymph vessel (not organ!) in body and drains lymph into left subclavian vein
