Base-line Product Water Flashcards
What is product water?
Product water tends to be of higher quality than standard potable water.
Why is product water preferred over standard potable water in brewing?
Some chemicals in standard water negatively affect the brewing process, equipment, and final beer quality.
What is the maximum concentration of Enterococci allowed in potable water standards?
0 organisms/100 mL
What is the suggested level for Enterococci in base product water?
0 organisms/100 mL
What does a level of 0 for Escherichia coli (E. coli) indicate?
Contamination by human waste, sewage, or storm water.
What is the maximum concentration of Aluminium allowed in potable water standards?
0.2 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Aluminium in base product water?
< 0.2 mg/L
What are the negative attributes of Arsenic?
Indicates contamination from the environment; it is a poisonous metal.
What is the maximum concentration of Cadmium in potable water standards?
0.005 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Cadmium in base product water?
0 mg/L
What is the positive attribute of Copper in brewing?
Small amounts can reduce sulphides in wort and H2S in beer.
What is the maximum acceptable concentration of Cyanide in potable water?
0.05 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Cyanide in base product water?
0 mg/L
What is the maximum concentration of Nitrate allowed in potable water?
50 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Nitrate in base product water?
< 10 mg/L
What can high levels of Nitrates indicate?
Contamination from agricultural run-off.
What is the maximum concentration of Lead in potable water standards?
0.01 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Lead in base product water?
0 mg/L
What is the maximum allowable concentration of Mercury in potable water?
0.001 mg/L
What is the suggested level for Mercury in base product water?
0 mg/L
What is the maximum concentration of pH in potable water standards?
6-8
What is the suggested pH level for base product water?
6-7.5
True or False: Low pH increases extract yields and fermentability.
True
What negatively affects beer clarity according to turbidity standards?
Turbidity > 0.5 NTU
Fill in the blank: The positive attribute of Sodium in brewing is that it contributes to a _______.
full and sweet palate
What can excessive Sodium levels contribute to in beer?
Salty/sour and metallic notes.
What is the toxic effect of Nitrite on yeast cells?
Poisonous
What is the maximum concentration of Trihalomethanes (THM) allowed in potable water?
0.1 mg/L
What happens to the quality of beer when there are high levels of odour in water?
Off-flavours can carry through to the final beer.
What is the suggested level of turbidity for base product water?
0-0.5 NTU
What is the significance of water pH in relation to mash and wort pH?
Calcium and bicarbonate levels in the water determine mash and wort pH, not water pH.
