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CogNeuro Class > Basal Ganglia "Loops" > Flashcards

Basal Ganglia "Loops" Flashcards

1
Q

What are five disorders thought to be due to basal ganglia dysfunction?

A 
Parkinson's disease
Huntington's disease
ADHD
Tourette's
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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2
Q

What are the categories of disorders attributed to basal ganglia dysfunction?

A

motor
cognitive
affective

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3
Q

What is the motor circuit funneling loop?

A

M1 to CP to GPi/SNr to VL and back to M1

Cortext -> Striatum (premotor, prefrontal, parietal, ..) -> Pallidum s. Nigra -> Thalaums and back to cortex

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4
Q

How many circuits are there for the basal ganglia?

A

5

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5
Q

What are the five basal ganglia circuits?

A 
Skeletomotor
Oculomotor
Dorsolateral prefrontal
Lateral Orbitofrontal
Anterior Cingulate
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6
Q

What is the skeletomotor circuit?

A

MC to CPmc to GPi/SNr to VL back to MC

Cortex to striatum to pallidum s. nigra to thalamus back to cortex

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7
Q

What is the oculomotor circuit?

A

FEF to CPfef to GPi/SNr to VA/MD and back again

Cortex to striatum to pallidum s. nigra to thalamus back to cortex

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8
Q

What is the Dorsolateral prefrontal circuit?

A

DLPFC to CPpf to GPi/SNr to VA/MD

Cortex to striatum to pallidum s. nigra to thalamus back to cortex

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9
Q

What is the Lateral Orbitofrontal circuit?

A

LOF to CPof to GPi/SNr to VA/MD

Cortex to striatum to pallidum s. nigra to thalamus back to cortex

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10
Q

What is the anterior cingulate circuit?

A

AC to CPac to GPi/VP/SNr to VA/MD

Cortex to striatum to pallidum s. nigra to thalamus back to cortex

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11
Q

What does rabies have to do with the basal ganglia?

A

Rabies has an observable progression and so can be tracked through the brain. It’s injected at M1 but ends up in VL (Thalmus) at day to, then to Pallidum S. Nigra on day three and then the Striatum on day 4.

It’s a retrograde transneuronal transport model

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12
Q

Where is basal ganglia output directed to?

A

Motor and Non-Motor areas of the cerebral cortex.

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13
Q

What is the organization of the basal ganglia input-output?

A

highly topographic

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14
Q

Why does it matter that the basal ganglia is topographic?

A

It can be used to predict a topography of dysfunction.

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15
Q

What is the area I really need to remember that the basal ganglia communicates with?

A

The cerebellum

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16
Q

What is the source of the open loop into the cerebral cortex?

A

Ventral striatum

CogNeuro Class (13 decks)

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