Basal Ganglia & Cerebellum

Question 1

Name the three lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 1

Anterior
Posterior
Folluculonodular

Question 2

What connects the cerebellum to the brain?

Answer 2

Peduncles - extension from pons
Superior
Middle
Inferior

Question 3

Name the structure that makes up the central core of the cerebellum

Answer 3

Vermis

Question 4

What makes up the grey matter of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

Folia and sulci

Question 5

Describe the histology of the cerebellum

Answer 5

Molecular
Granule
Purkinje

Question 6

What is the afferent supply to the cerebellum?

Answer 6

Spinal cord
Cerebral cortex
Vestibular apparatus

Question 7

What is the efferent supply from the cerebellum?

Answer 7

Purkinje synapse with deep nuclei to co-ordinate motor tracts
Most synapse at thalamus and then onto motor cortex

Question 8

Name the three functional divisions of the cerebellum

Answer 8

Vestibulocerebellum - vestibular nuclei (vestibulospinal)
Spinocerebellum - vermis, autonomic function
Ponotcerebellum - voluntary movement

Question 9

If you have a midline cerebellar injury what will happen?

Answer 9

Disturbance of postural control

Question 10

If you have a unilateral cerebellar injury what will happen?

Answer 10

Tremor/gait/unco-ordinated limbs

Question 11

If you have a bilateral cerebellar injury what will happen?

Answer 11

Slow, slurred speech, staggering gait (alcohol)

Question 12

State three functions of the basal ganglia

Answer 12

Facilitate purposeful movement
Inhibit unwanted movement
Role in posture and muscle tone

Question 13

Name the parts of the basal ganglia

Answer 13

Caudate nucleus 
Putamen 
Globus pallidus 
Subthalamic nucleus 
Substantia nigra

Question 14

What makes up the lenticular nucleus?

Answer 14

Putamen and globus pallidus

Question 15

What forms the striatum?

Answer 15

Caudate nucleus and putamen

Question 16

State the function of the direct pathway

Answer 16

Desired movements

Question 17

State the function of the indirect pathway

Answer 17

Stop undesired movements

Question 18

Describe the direct pathway

Answer 18

1. Cortex excites the striatum
2. Striatum inhibits the globus and substantia nigra
3. Globus and substantia nigra cannot inhibit the thalamus
4. Thalamus excites the cortex

Question 19

Describe the indirect pathway

Answer 19

1. Cortex excites the striatum
2. Striatum inhibits the globus
3. Globus cannot inhibit the sub thalamic nucleus
4. Sub-thalamic nucleus excites the globus and substantia nigra
5. Inhibition of the thalamus
6. Less excitation of cortex