Bandura Flashcards
What are the 4 hypotheses Bandura tested?
1- Those who see an aggressive model are more likely to be violent than those exposed to a non-violent model or no model
2- Those exposed to a non-aggressive model would be less aggressive than someone without a model
3- Those exposed to a same-sex model are more likely to imitate their aggression than an opposite-sex model
4- Boys will be more inclined than girls to imitate aggression
What was the sample?
72 children, 36 male, 36 female.
Aged from 27 months to 69 months.
What design was the study?
Independent measures
What three IV’s were tested?
1- The behaviour of the model
2- The sex of the model
3- The sex of the children
How were the participants matched?
51 children were rated for aggression on a scale of 0-5 between their nursery teacher and the experimenter
What were the conditions?
1- 12 boys and 12 girls saw an aggressive model, 6 M & F saw it from an opposite-sex model
2- 12 boys and 12 girls saw a non-aggressive model, 6 M & F saw it from an opposite-sex model
3- A control of 12 boys and 12 girls saw no model
What was the aim?
To investigate observational learning of aggression
What were the three stages?
1- Modelling the behaviour
2- Aggression Arousal
3- Delayed imitation
How long did stage one last?
10 minutes
What happened during the second stage?
The children were put in a room with some ‘attractive’ toys and left to play for 2 minutes, they were then told they couldn’t play with them as they were reserved for other children
What happened during the third stage?
Children were observed playing for a further 20 minutes. The experimenter remained in the room but was busy with paperwork. The children were observed by two observers through a one-way mirror who were unaware of the condition the child saw
What three types of aggression were measured?
1- Imitative aggression
2- Partially imitative aggression
3- Non-imitative aggression
What were Bandura’s main four results?
1- Children who had witnessed aggression were more aggressive than those who hadn’t
2- Overall, there was little difference between those with a non-aggressive model and those without a model
3- Boys were significantly more likely to imitate aggressive male models than female models
4- Boys were more physically aggressive than girls, girls were more verbally aggressive if imitating a female model
What were Bandura’s main two conclusions?
1- Witnessing aggression can lead to aggression being demonstrated
2- Children selectively imitate model aggression, males were more physically violent after male models whereas, females were more likely to be verbally aggressive.
