Bandages Flashcards
reasons to bandage?
used to hold dressings in place
support area and enhance the healing process
- give warm and moist environment
protection against contamination, infection and further trauma
pressure to minimise oedema (swelling)
immobalisation to reduce effects of movement
- support fractures/sprains
absorb exudates (eg discharge)
prevent irritating wound
golden rules of bandaging?
wash hands
wear gloves - at least just for primary and soft band
collect and unwrap all materials in advance
have assistant restrain patient
trim claws prior to application
horses - pick, brush clean and dry hooves
add padding
always bandage distal to proximal
- so circulation isn’t forced down
horses - bandage front to back - bone at front lower
wrap in sprial pattern overlapping by 50%
ensure bandage is neat
ensure there is firm even pressure
- fit finger between - firm but not tight
layers of bandages?
primary - on wound - eg melomin secondary - padding - eg soft band tertiary - strength and protection - eg vetwrap
primary layer?
dressing to promote wound healing
must be:
- non toxic
- non irritant
- non allergic
- absorbant
- sterile
- allow gaseous exchange/vapour permeable
- provide thermal insulation
- maintain moist environment
- promote wound healing
types of primary layer dressings?
passive
- adherant
- non-adherant
active
- hydrocolloids
- hydrogeis
- alginates
- collagens
passive adherent dressings?
stick to wound
- absorb all discharge and dirt so can be removed
- start of healing process
- hurt to remove
- max 24 hours
dry to dry
- used to debride necrotic tissue
- effective and cheap
- can cause trauma to healthy tissues underneath
wet to dry
- as above but soaked with sterile saline
- remove exudates and debrus
- saline drawn into body and as it dried tissue sticks to swab
- less traumatic
passive non-adherent dressings?
less stick
absorb crudiate and protect
perfroated film dressing
- has perfusions to allow gaseous exchange and reduce stick
- barrier to protect wound and keep moit
- eg melolin
absorbing dressings/foams
- absorbs fluids
- barrier protection and keeps moist
- foam like so padding and comfortable
- eg allevyn
active hydrocolloid dressing?
blister plasters
- rehydrate and debride necrotic wounds
- stimulate granulation tissue
- change regularly to avoid over granulation
active hydrogels dressing?
intra-siite
- kills whole area with active sheet or gel
- doesn’t halm healthy area
- rehydrates necrotic tissue
- absorbs exudate
- reduce oedema
active alginate dressiing?
derived from seaeed
- soft woven dressing
reacts with sodium ions to form moist, fluid holding
- bioactive
active collagen dressing?
promote granulation tissue and epitherialisation
- change regularly to avoid over granulation
contains natural skin products
- which fill dead space in wounds
secondary layer?
1st
padding layer hold dressing in place provide padding and support absorb additional exudates provide even pressure
can be
- cotton wool
- softban
- foam rolls
- gamgee
secondary layer?
2nd
conforming layer which stabalises and compresses padding layer
elastin component
- needs to be firm but not too tight
can be
- white open eave bandage (WOW)
- conforming bandage - eg knit firm
- tubular bandage
tertiary layer?
protect primary and secondary layers
- soiling
- mutilation - rain
provides support
usually elastic cohesive or adhesive
- zinc oxide tape
- elastoplast
- cohesive bandage - vet-wrap
do not stick to skin or fur
or let tertiary layer extend over secondary layer
- to avoid sores
tertiary layer?
protect primary and secondary layers
- soiling
- mutilation - rain
provides support
usually elastic cohesive or adhesive
- zinc oxide tape
- elastoplast
- cohesive bandage - vet-wrap
do not stick to skin or fur
or let tertiary layer extend over secondary layer
- to avoid sores
splints?
first aid measure
- allows transport to practice
reasons for patient interference?
strange object insitnct to wash and clean painful areas infected too tight/lose itchy and hot bored - less exercise?
how to stop patient intervention?
check tightness frequently - allow for swelling check for signs of infection without undressing - temp, smell, bloods use buster collar or pet shit client education - strict exercise - keep supervising if take of collar adequate analgesia and pain measurement suitable redressing times
bandage management?
remove bandage if
- chewing at dressing
- foul smell
- soiling or wetting
- strike through - exodate or blood
- swelling above/below
- slippage of dressing
can lead to serious damage or death
larval therapy?
maggot debridement therapy - live sterile maggot - microbiological tested - can be free range or in bio bag used on chronic non-healing wounds secrete a mixture of digestive enzymes - breaks down dead tissue only ingest bacteria and debris
can be irritating - move/wiggle - need O2 so has to be changed regularly need to be careful of placement - eg not near vital arteries
fish skin treatment?
biological dressing - using tilapia fish skin though source of collagen retains moisture has antibacterial properties long-lasting inexpensive
casts?
wound dresssing technqiues
control/restrict movement during healing
- allows wounds to heal without exuberant granulation tissue
- from uniform pressure
commonly used in lower limb injuries
- cant be infected wounds as no chance for aerobic respiration
cast checks/monitoring?
checks teice a day
cracks and creases - enterance for contaminates swelling above cast - too tight or infection inside top of cast - tight? sores? rubbing? comfort - should be improving behaviour - improving or deteriorating? temperature - check for infection
