Balance Flashcards
Sitting Balance Test
Sitting unsupported for 15s followed by nudge anterior, posterior and lateral
4 = normal, no physical assistance
3 = good, assisted req. on hemiplegic side
2 = maintains static, needs assistance on dynamic
1 = unable to maintain static
Begin part and whole practice of sitting balance @ the level that they fail
Trunk Impairment Scale
Evaluation of static and dynamic sitting balance w/ coordination of trunk movement
Score /23
See LMS for exact test items
CTSIB (clinical test of sensory interaction and balance)
Ax of standing balance with changes in visual, vestibular and somatosensory input, all performed feet together or 10cm apart
1. Eyes open firm surface
2. Eyes closed firm surface
3. Visual conflict firm surface
4. Eyes open on foam
5. Eyes closed on foam
6. Visual conflict on foam
Each test for 30s or as long as pt. can balance for
Functional Reach
Shoes off in relaxed stance, shoulder 90˚ flexion
Pt. reaches as far as possible along tape measure
Level of knuckles is measured
treatment:
Practice functional reaching tasks, start in sitting and progress to standing
Use visual cues
Pastors’ Test
Assess ability to withstand external perturbations
PT stands behind pt and tugs shoulders backwards, pt is instructed to resist the pull
0 = stays upright, no step
1 = stays upright, one step back for stability
2 = two or more steps backwards
3 = several steps backwards, requires assistance to stabilise
4 = falling backwards, no attempt to step
Treatment: Whole practice of standing balance providing various external perturbations
May begin in rails etc. for support
Work outside of BOS
Step Test
Assess dynamic single limb stance
Shoes off, feet 10cm apart, block 5cm in front
One foot on ground to steady it
Pt is instructed to place whole foot on the block then return it fully back down to the floor, repeatedly ASAP for the test duration
Foot must be completely on block not too far or not too short
15s each leg
Therapist demonstrates task
Timer starts at go and ends at stop
Wall next to pt.
treatment: part practice of stepping
four square step test
Speed of dynamic balance, coordination
Speed of stepping forwards, backwards and side ways
Pt cannot fall, make contact with canes
treatment: part/whole practice of stepping and lateral movements
BERG BALANCE TEST
14 static and dynamic balance tasks
Sit to Stand, standing balance, sitting balance, stand to sit, transfers, standing eyes closed, standing feet together, reaching, picking object up from floor, turning to look behind, turning 360˚, placing alternate foot on stool, tandem standing, SL stance
Pt rated 0(bad)-4 (good) on each task
MiniBESTest
14 item scale Ax of balance
*see LMS for each item
Low key a combination of all the tests
Takes a long time compared to other tests
