Baddeley (1966B) Flashcards
Experiment 1
.interference task only occurred at the end
Experiment 2
.control groups removed
Experiment 3
.readded control groups
.implemented interference task in the middle of the trial
aim
to find out if long term memory encodes semantically or acoustically
how was the familiarity of words controlled?
by using words that were all as frequently used as each other (at the time) from the English language
what did each group test?
Group 1 - acoustically similar
Group 2 - acoustically dissimilar
Group 3 - semantically similar
Group 4 - semantically dissimilar
Method
Trial 1 - 10 words presented seperately to participants for 3 secs each and 1 secs for slide changeover.
interference task occurs - recall 6 different sequences of 8 numbers and have 8 seconds between each sequence to write the prior one down
Words then need to be recalled in the correct order
repeated - 4 trials occur
15 minute self paced digit copying distractor task
Suprise recall task then occurs (trial 5) - measures long term memory
what is trial 5?
a surprise recall task
how long was each word presented to participants for?
3 seconds
how long was the slide changeover between the words
1 second
how many words were in each word list
10
what was the interference task between trials 1-4?
recall of 6 different sequences of 8 numbers
8 seconds between each sequence to write the prior one down
what was the task between trials 4 and 5
15 minute self paced digit copying task - distractor task
conclusions
-recall of acoustically similar words was worse than dissimilar during the initial stage of learning
-more difficult to recall list 1 meaning the STM is largely acoustic
-later retest recall of list 3 was impaired compared to all other lists because they were semantically similar, suggesting the LTM encodes semantically.
why was an interference task needed?
to prevent repetition keeping the information in the STM
